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<p>Slipper tilting instability is a critical bottleneck for high-pressure closed-circuit piston pumps under large swash plate angles. From a hydrodynamic perspective, this study systematically investigates the tilting mechanism and oil film coupling characteristics, focusing on the extreme inclination angle of 21.5°, a critical threshold where the slipper force state undergoes a qualitative change. The main contributions are threefold: A modified Reynolds equation with a dynamic tilt correction term is established to quantify the coupling effect of transient tilt variations on oil film pressure and shear flow. Using a two-way pressure-thickness feedback iteration scheme, the mechanism by which the inverted ball-head–piston socket structure enhances the hydrodynamic effect by 32% compared with the conventional design is revealed, enabling effective resistance to nonlinear tilting moments at 21.5°. Based on the Finite Difference Method, synergistic analysis of Poiseuille flow and Couette flow identifies a phase-lag phenomenon between pressure peak and film thickness variation in the rotational angle range of 80°–100°. The model is validated under 21.5° via eddy-current sensor measurement and flow field visualization, with the balance error controlled within 4.8%. This work reveals the hydrodynamic mechanism of oil film evolution at large inclination angles and provides a reliable numerical tool for the stability optimization of high-power-density hydraulic components.</p>

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Tilting mechanism and hydrodynamic coupling of slipper pair in closed-circuit piston pumps

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Shaonian Li,
  • Yong Yang,
  • Liejiang Wei,
  • Zhixin Dong,
  • Jing Tan,
  • Fumin Ma

摘要

Slipper tilting instability is a critical bottleneck for high-pressure closed-circuit piston pumps under large swash plate angles. From a hydrodynamic perspective, this study systematically investigates the tilting mechanism and oil film coupling characteristics, focusing on the extreme inclination angle of 21.5°, a critical threshold where the slipper force state undergoes a qualitative change. The main contributions are threefold: A modified Reynolds equation with a dynamic tilt correction term is established to quantify the coupling effect of transient tilt variations on oil film pressure and shear flow. Using a two-way pressure-thickness feedback iteration scheme, the mechanism by which the inverted ball-head–piston socket structure enhances the hydrodynamic effect by 32% compared with the conventional design is revealed, enabling effective resistance to nonlinear tilting moments at 21.5°. Based on the Finite Difference Method, synergistic analysis of Poiseuille flow and Couette flow identifies a phase-lag phenomenon between pressure peak and film thickness variation in the rotational angle range of 80°–100°. The model is validated under 21.5° via eddy-current sensor measurement and flow field visualization, with the balance error controlled within 4.8%. This work reveals the hydrodynamic mechanism of oil film evolution at large inclination angles and provides a reliable numerical tool for the stability optimization of high-power-density hydraulic components.