A dual-condition cost-sensitive optimization framework for intelligent bearing fault diagnosis
摘要
Rolling-element bearings play a crucial role in the reliable operation of rotating machinery, and their early fault detection is essential for preventing unexpected failures. This paper proposes an intelligent fault diagnosis framework designed to maintain high classification performance under varying operating conditions and limited fault data. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in a dual-condition cost-sensitive optimization strategy that jointly learns from full-condition and few-shot variable-condition data, thereby improving adaptability and generalization. The framework integrates deep feature learning with temporal and contextual modeling to capture complex fault characteristics from raw vibration signals. Extensive experiments conducted on the CWRU bearing dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves classification accuracies ranging from 99.64 to 100% for both three-class and six-class scenarios. The proposed framework was validated on another bearing dataset provided by the National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, achieving an accuracy of 99.89%, which confirms its robustness, precision, and strong generalization capability.