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<p>This research examines the dynamic response of functionally graded multilayer hybrid composite conical shells (FG-MHCCSs) reinforced with graphene platelets (GPLs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), considering the influence of porosity. Various functional grading schemes are employed to describe the through-thickness dispersion of CNTs, GPLs, and pores. The effective material properties of the FG-MHCCSs are determined using a combination of the modified Halpin–Tsai model and the rule of mixtures. Four CNT/GPL distribution patterns and three porosity distribution models are considered to comprehensively capture the material heterogeneity. The governing equations for the FG-MHCCSs under parametric excitation are formulated based on Hamilton’s principle and the first-order shear deformation shell theory (FSDT). The generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) is applied to transform the partial differential equations of motion into a set of Mathieu–Hill equations. Bolotin’s method is then used to determine the principal dynamic instability region (PDIR) of the shells. The reliability of the theoretical model is verified by comparing the obtained numerical results with previously reported findings. This study further examines the influence of multiple parameters on the dynamic response, including reinforcement weight fraction and distribution, semi-vertex angle, length-to-radius ratio, circumferential mode number, perturbed loading, boundary conditions, and porosity distribution. The analysis demonstrates that, although porosity generally weakens the dynamic response, the inclusion of GPLs and CNTs significantly enhances it, which highlights the advantages of hybrid reinforcement in FG-MHCCSs.</p>

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Dynamic instability analysis of functionally graded multilayer hybrid porous composite conical shells reinforced with graphene platelets and carbon nanotubes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Saeed Meshkinabadi,
  • Mohammad Mahdi Kheirikhah,
  • Farzad Ebrahimi

摘要

This research examines the dynamic response of functionally graded multilayer hybrid composite conical shells (FG-MHCCSs) reinforced with graphene platelets (GPLs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), considering the influence of porosity. Various functional grading schemes are employed to describe the through-thickness dispersion of CNTs, GPLs, and pores. The effective material properties of the FG-MHCCSs are determined using a combination of the modified Halpin–Tsai model and the rule of mixtures. Four CNT/GPL distribution patterns and three porosity distribution models are considered to comprehensively capture the material heterogeneity. The governing equations for the FG-MHCCSs under parametric excitation are formulated based on Hamilton’s principle and the first-order shear deformation shell theory (FSDT). The generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) is applied to transform the partial differential equations of motion into a set of Mathieu–Hill equations. Bolotin’s method is then used to determine the principal dynamic instability region (PDIR) of the shells. The reliability of the theoretical model is verified by comparing the obtained numerical results with previously reported findings. This study further examines the influence of multiple parameters on the dynamic response, including reinforcement weight fraction and distribution, semi-vertex angle, length-to-radius ratio, circumferential mode number, perturbed loading, boundary conditions, and porosity distribution. The analysis demonstrates that, although porosity generally weakens the dynamic response, the inclusion of GPLs and CNTs significantly enhances it, which highlights the advantages of hybrid reinforcement in FG-MHCCSs.