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<p>The present study is based on a 2-dimensional squeezing flow of an unsteady and incompressible Maxwell fluid on the squeezed sensor surface. The variable fluid properties are used to determine the physical phenomena of fluid flow. To investigate the thermal and concentration flow rates in the Maxwell fluid, the activation energy and enthalpy are taken into account. The boundary layer method is used to the governing equations model. The system of equations is derived in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) using fundamental governing laws and subsequently translated into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by similarity transformations. The findings in graphical and numerical formats are calculated by utilizing Bvp4C built-in command on Matlab program. Both the numerical and graphical findings are undertaken to study the effects of permeability velocity, fluctuating viscosity, and Maxwell number on velocity. The obtained findings show that alterations in the permeability parameter, viscosity coefficient, and Maxwell number restrict the motion of the Maxwell fluid. The temperature profile is examined in relation to the activation energy, heat conduction parameter, Prandtl number, and generated heat. The effects of temperature difference coefficient, molecular diffusion, and Schmidt number on the concentration field are investigated. It is shown that whilst Schmidt number decreases the corresponding field, molecular diffusivity increases the concentration region. Activation energy and heat parameters increase temperature, but when the Damkohler number increases, mass diffusivity falls.</p>

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Heat and mass transfer in Maxwell fluid with variable thermophysical properties over a reacting sensor surface

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • T. Salahuddin,
  • Zoehib Mahmood,
  • Muhammad Awais,
  • Mair Khan,
  • Shah Muhammad,
  • Muhammad Idrees

摘要

The present study is based on a 2-dimensional squeezing flow of an unsteady and incompressible Maxwell fluid on the squeezed sensor surface. The variable fluid properties are used to determine the physical phenomena of fluid flow. To investigate the thermal and concentration flow rates in the Maxwell fluid, the activation energy and enthalpy are taken into account. The boundary layer method is used to the governing equations model. The system of equations is derived in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) using fundamental governing laws and subsequently translated into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by similarity transformations. The findings in graphical and numerical formats are calculated by utilizing Bvp4C built-in command on Matlab program. Both the numerical and graphical findings are undertaken to study the effects of permeability velocity, fluctuating viscosity, and Maxwell number on velocity. The obtained findings show that alterations in the permeability parameter, viscosity coefficient, and Maxwell number restrict the motion of the Maxwell fluid. The temperature profile is examined in relation to the activation energy, heat conduction parameter, Prandtl number, and generated heat. The effects of temperature difference coefficient, molecular diffusion, and Schmidt number on the concentration field are investigated. It is shown that whilst Schmidt number decreases the corresponding field, molecular diffusivity increases the concentration region. Activation energy and heat parameters increase temperature, but when the Damkohler number increases, mass diffusivity falls.