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<p>The global energy crisis, driven by the depletion of fossil fuels and rising demand, underscores the need for sustainable alternatives. Renewable fuels from bioresources offer a viable path toward a circular bioeconomy; however, their use as a single energy source faces challenges such as intermittent supply, low energy density, and engine power derating. To overcome these challenges, the present study investigates a dual-fuel hydrogen–biogas (HBG) fueled SI engine, in which performance enhancement is achieved through boosted intake pressure (IP), and emission reduction is accomplished by optimizing key control parameters such as IP, equivalence ratio (ER), and spark of ignition timing (SOI). The novelty of this work lies in the integrated application of elevated intake pressure and optimized SOI timing to maximize power, efficiency, and reduce emissions in an HBG-fueled engine. The proposed approach demonstrates substantial improvements in brake power (BP) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE), along with significant reductions in CO and NO emissions, thereby contributing to cleaner and more efficient combustion. A quasi-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to simulate engine performance, with results validated against literature data. The study analyzed engine operation within a parameter range of 0.7–1.0 ER, 15.00–30.00° bTDC SOI, and 1.0–2.5&#xa0;bar IP. RSM was applied to determine the optimal operating conditions for maximizing efficiency while minimizing emissions and fuel consumption. The optimal conditions were found to be 0.782 ER, 28.80° bTDC SOI, and 2.49&#xa0;bar IP, leading to predicted performance values of 3.99&#xa0;kW BP, 10.18&#xa0;bar BMEP, 29.32% BTE, and 0.58&#xa0;kg/kWh BSFC. Additionally, CO and NO emissions were reduced to 0.038 vol% and 713.02 ppm, respectively. Future research can explore the integration of advanced ignition strategies, variable compression ratios, and hybrid energy systems to further enhance the efficiency and adaptability of hydrogen-enriched biogas in modern SI engines.</p>

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Enhancing SI engine efficiency with boosted intake pressure and hydrogen enriched biogas: a thermodynamic and RSM-based study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Pankaj Kumar Pandey,
  • Aseem Chandra Tiwari,
  • Jeewan Vachan Tirkey,
  • Lawalesh Kumar Prajapati

摘要

The global energy crisis, driven by the depletion of fossil fuels and rising demand, underscores the need for sustainable alternatives. Renewable fuels from bioresources offer a viable path toward a circular bioeconomy; however, their use as a single energy source faces challenges such as intermittent supply, low energy density, and engine power derating. To overcome these challenges, the present study investigates a dual-fuel hydrogen–biogas (HBG) fueled SI engine, in which performance enhancement is achieved through boosted intake pressure (IP), and emission reduction is accomplished by optimizing key control parameters such as IP, equivalence ratio (ER), and spark of ignition timing (SOI). The novelty of this work lies in the integrated application of elevated intake pressure and optimized SOI timing to maximize power, efficiency, and reduce emissions in an HBG-fueled engine. The proposed approach demonstrates substantial improvements in brake power (BP) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE), along with significant reductions in CO and NO emissions, thereby contributing to cleaner and more efficient combustion. A quasi-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to simulate engine performance, with results validated against literature data. The study analyzed engine operation within a parameter range of 0.7–1.0 ER, 15.00–30.00° bTDC SOI, and 1.0–2.5 bar IP. RSM was applied to determine the optimal operating conditions for maximizing efficiency while minimizing emissions and fuel consumption. The optimal conditions were found to be 0.782 ER, 28.80° bTDC SOI, and 2.49 bar IP, leading to predicted performance values of 3.99 kW BP, 10.18 bar BMEP, 29.32% BTE, and 0.58 kg/kWh BSFC. Additionally, CO and NO emissions were reduced to 0.038 vol% and 713.02 ppm, respectively. Future research can explore the integration of advanced ignition strategies, variable compression ratios, and hybrid energy systems to further enhance the efficiency and adaptability of hydrogen-enriched biogas in modern SI engines.