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<p>The present study examines MHD natural convection of hybrid nanofluid (Ag and Cu with base fluid ethylene Glycol) in a tilted right-angled triangular cavity with a heated base, insulated vertical wall, and cooled inclined wall. The influence of a vertical magnetic field and thermal radiation on flow and thermal behavior are analyzed using the Galerkin finite element method. Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), radiation parameter (R), and inclination angle are examined in relation to streamlines, isotherms, Nusselt number, and entropy generation. Code validation revealed a high degree of concordance with previous results. Sensitivity analysis reveals the impact of the Rayleigh number, Hartmann number, and radiation parameter on the average Nusselt number and total entropy generation. The results indicate that the pattern of streamline circulation, isotherms, and local entropy generation is influenced by increasing Ra. Changes in inclination angle modify flow direction and alter heat transfer. Heat transfer rate increased by 13.7<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\%\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on changing Ra from <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(10^3\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(10^5\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and by 10<InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\%\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> as R varies from 1 to 10. Furthermore, the total entropy generation reduced by 75<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\%\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with an increase in Ha from 0.1 to 40. Accordingly, the study has a significant impact on controlling and optimizing fluid flow and heat transfer in hybrid nanofluid systems and is applicable to improving the performance of thermal equipment such as electronic cooling devices, heat exchangers, energy storage systems, and solar collectors.</p>

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Sensitivity analysis of effective parameters on natural convection and entropy generation of hybrid nanofluid in a tilted right-angled triangular cavity by RSM

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • K. Jeyashri,
  • V. Prabhakar

摘要

The present study examines MHD natural convection of hybrid nanofluid (Ag and Cu with base fluid ethylene Glycol) in a tilted right-angled triangular cavity with a heated base, insulated vertical wall, and cooled inclined wall. The influence of a vertical magnetic field and thermal radiation on flow and thermal behavior are analyzed using the Galerkin finite element method. Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), radiation parameter (R), and inclination angle are examined in relation to streamlines, isotherms, Nusselt number, and entropy generation. Code validation revealed a high degree of concordance with previous results. Sensitivity analysis reveals the impact of the Rayleigh number, Hartmann number, and radiation parameter on the average Nusselt number and total entropy generation. The results indicate that the pattern of streamline circulation, isotherms, and local entropy generation is influenced by increasing Ra. Changes in inclination angle modify flow direction and alter heat transfer. Heat transfer rate increased by 13.7 \(\%\) on changing Ra from \(10^3\) to \(10^5\) , and by 10 \(\%\) as R varies from 1 to 10. Furthermore, the total entropy generation reduced by 75 \(\%\) with an increase in Ha from 0.1 to 40. Accordingly, the study has a significant impact on controlling and optimizing fluid flow and heat transfer in hybrid nanofluid systems and is applicable to improving the performance of thermal equipment such as electronic cooling devices, heat exchangers, energy storage systems, and solar collectors.