Structural design and transmission performance analysis of a magnetorheological clutch based on waste heat reuse
摘要
Aiming at the problem that the traditional magnetorheological (MR) transmission device experiences a decrease in the performance of the MRF material due to temperature rise during operation, which in turn leads to a reduction in the transmitted torque of the MR clutch and a decrease in the energy utilization efficiency, a novel structure of the MR clutch based on the reuse of thermal energy is proposed. In this proposed solution, the heat generated during operation is converted into frictional work through the extrusion of the friction slider by the shape memory alloy (SMA) spring, thereby addressing the impact of temperature rise on the MR clutch. Based on the structure and principle of the MR clutch, a relationship equation between the shear yield stress of the MRF, temperature, and magnetic field strength is established. A finite element model of the temperature field of the MR clutch is constructed for temperature field simulation. According to the results of the temperature field simulation, a structural improvement strategy is proposed, which uses the SMA spring as an energy conversion device for multi-energy field conversion and utilization. A theoretical model for the conversion of spring work and energy was established, followed by thermo-structural coupling simulations and work-energy conversion tests. The transmitted torque and energy efficiency ratio of the MR transmission device before and after the improvement are compared and analyzed. The results show that as the temperature increases, the performance of the MRF decreases by approximately 38.19%, indicating that the temperature rise has a significant impact on the performance of the MRF. The restoring force of the spring increases nonlinearly with the increase in temperature. When the input current is high and the temperature increase rate is large, there is a hysteresis in the increase of the spring restoring force. The torque and energy efficiency ratio of the improved structure are 58.15 N·m and 0.773 N·m/W, which are increased by 44.58% and 38.33%, respectively, compared with the original structure.