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<p>The aim of this study is to examine the significance of three-dimensional flow of shear-thinning tangent hyperbolic nanofluid moving over an exponentially stretched and rotating surface. The complex physical phenomena such as heat generation, Arrhenius-type activation energy, and thermal enthalpy change from chemical reactions are present. The Buongiorno model is used to represent the mobility of nanoparticles, taking into account Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects, while the fluid model uses the tangent hyperbolic constitutive relation to integrate non-Newtonian properties. It is evident from a detailed examination of earlier studies that the shear-thinning fluid model in three dimensions has not yet been studied by the researchers; therefore, we are encouraged to investigate the characteristics of the three-dimensional shear-thinning model in combination with the characteristics of thermal and solutal effects. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced to a set of corresponding ordinary differential equations for numerical solution via similarity transformations. The Bvp4c numerical methodology is used to present the numerical results in the form of graphs, while the monopolizing shooting method is used to determine the values of the skin friction coefficient. The demeanor of the physical parameters is presented through graphs for velocity, thermal, and concentration distributions. A numerical comparison is presented to apprehend the values of the Nusselt number and Sherwood number. Dimensional measurements such as the Weissenberg number, Schmidt number, viscosity parameter, rotational parameter, Prandtl number, and nanoparticle parameters such as thermophoresis and Brownian parameters are illustrated on concentration, temperature, and velocity distributions. The main findings of this study declare that the velocity profile drops due to the augmentation in the rotation parameter, Weissenberg number, and velocity coefficient. The thermophoretic motion of nanoparticles may enhance both the thermal and solutal regions, whereas the Brownian motion produces the thermal region and declines the solutal distribution. The reaction parameter and activation energy are the source of increment in the concentration distribution. The variable thermal diffusion and thermal conductivity parameters are the sources of increment in the respective fields. The validation of results is also included, and results show good agreement with the published work.</p>

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A flow analysis of tangent hyperbolic nanofluid with activation energy near an exponentially stretching surface

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月11日

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  • T. Salahuddin,
  • K. Ayub,
  • Muhammad Awais,
  • Mair Khan,
  • Najla A. Mohammed

摘要

The aim of this study is to examine the significance of three-dimensional flow of shear-thinning tangent hyperbolic nanofluid moving over an exponentially stretched and rotating surface. The complex physical phenomena such as heat generation, Arrhenius-type activation energy, and thermal enthalpy change from chemical reactions are present. The Buongiorno model is used to represent the mobility of nanoparticles, taking into account Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects, while the fluid model uses the tangent hyperbolic constitutive relation to integrate non-Newtonian properties. It is evident from a detailed examination of earlier studies that the shear-thinning fluid model in three dimensions has not yet been studied by the researchers; therefore, we are encouraged to investigate the characteristics of the three-dimensional shear-thinning model in combination with the characteristics of thermal and solutal effects. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced to a set of corresponding ordinary differential equations for numerical solution via similarity transformations. The Bvp4c numerical methodology is used to present the numerical results in the form of graphs, while the monopolizing shooting method is used to determine the values of the skin friction coefficient. The demeanor of the physical parameters is presented through graphs for velocity, thermal, and concentration distributions. A numerical comparison is presented to apprehend the values of the Nusselt number and Sherwood number. Dimensional measurements such as the Weissenberg number, Schmidt number, viscosity parameter, rotational parameter, Prandtl number, and nanoparticle parameters such as thermophoresis and Brownian parameters are illustrated on concentration, temperature, and velocity distributions. The main findings of this study declare that the velocity profile drops due to the augmentation in the rotation parameter, Weissenberg number, and velocity coefficient. The thermophoretic motion of nanoparticles may enhance both the thermal and solutal regions, whereas the Brownian motion produces the thermal region and declines the solutal distribution. The reaction parameter and activation energy are the source of increment in the concentration distribution. The variable thermal diffusion and thermal conductivity parameters are the sources of increment in the respective fields. The validation of results is also included, and results show good agreement with the published work.