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<p>The drivetrain of offshore floating wind turbines (OFWTs) experiences significant structural vibrations under harsh ocean conditions, resulting in potential failures, downtime, and high maintenance costs. This study proposes a novel approach to reduce these torsional loads by installing a tuned rotary inertia damper (TRID) on the generator side. A high-fidelity drivetrain model, adapted to the NREL 5-MW turbine, is developed and is incorporated into an aero-hydro-elastic-servo-mooring simulation framework that includes aerodynamic, hydrodynamic, mooring, control, and structural dynamics. The mooring system is modeled using the lumped mass method and is validated via code-to-code comparison. TRID parameters, including inertia ratio, torsional stiffness, and damping, are determined, and simulations under varying wind-wave conditions demonstrate its effectiveness in mitigating torsional vibrations. A parameter sensitivity analysis is performed under representative conditions. Notably, TRID significantly reduces equivalent fatigue loads at near- and above-rated wind speeds, with more pronounced effects on the low-speed shaft. Under near-rated conditions, TRID shows strong robustness to stiffness or damping variations, and the original configuration provides enhanced suppression in high-speed components. At above-rated wind speeds, mitigation performance shows high sensitivity to the inertia ratio, with 2% yielding optimal damping. TRID is expected to improve drivetrain fatigue reliability and provides economic benefits.</p>

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Control of drivetrain torsional vibrations in offshore floating wind turbines by using a tuned rotary inertia damper

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Yongran Li,
  • Shuangyi Xie,
  • Mengji Song,
  • Yingzhe Kan,
  • Yuxin Li

摘要

The drivetrain of offshore floating wind turbines (OFWTs) experiences significant structural vibrations under harsh ocean conditions, resulting in potential failures, downtime, and high maintenance costs. This study proposes a novel approach to reduce these torsional loads by installing a tuned rotary inertia damper (TRID) on the generator side. A high-fidelity drivetrain model, adapted to the NREL 5-MW turbine, is developed and is incorporated into an aero-hydro-elastic-servo-mooring simulation framework that includes aerodynamic, hydrodynamic, mooring, control, and structural dynamics. The mooring system is modeled using the lumped mass method and is validated via code-to-code comparison. TRID parameters, including inertia ratio, torsional stiffness, and damping, are determined, and simulations under varying wind-wave conditions demonstrate its effectiveness in mitigating torsional vibrations. A parameter sensitivity analysis is performed under representative conditions. Notably, TRID significantly reduces equivalent fatigue loads at near- and above-rated wind speeds, with more pronounced effects on the low-speed shaft. Under near-rated conditions, TRID shows strong robustness to stiffness or damping variations, and the original configuration provides enhanced suppression in high-speed components. At above-rated wind speeds, mitigation performance shows high sensitivity to the inertia ratio, with 2% yielding optimal damping. TRID is expected to improve drivetrain fatigue reliability and provides economic benefits.