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<p>This study investigates the allelopathic effects of <i>Eugenia involucrata</i> (Myrtaceae), a species native to Brazil, on the germination and early development of <i>Lactuca sativa</i> L. (Asteraceae), popularly known as lettuce. The seeds of lettuce were germinated on filter paper in gerbox with 10&#xa0;mL of aqueous extract of <i>E. involucrata</i> leaves at concentrations of 0, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. Germination percentage, development indices, morphoanatomy, and protein accumulation were evaluated after 7&#xa0;days. All concentrations showed inhibitory effects on germination and seedling development, with the 2% extract showing a higher allelopathic effect. The main changes in seedlings treated included necrosis, curved cotyledons, and inhibited root growth. Anatomical analyses revealed changes in the radicle apical meristem, disorganized cotyledon parenchyma, and invaginated epidermis. Comparative proteomic analysis between seedlings treated and untreated (control) with the extract (2%) identified 944 proteins, with one unique to treated, 30 unique to control, 38 up-accumulated, and 199 down-accumulated. Among the up-accumulated proteins, five were associated with stress response (Heat shock protein 70, GrpE protein, Peroxidase, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and Thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin), while others, were linked to cell wall modification (polygalacturonase, pectinesterase, and glycosyltransferase), supporting the morphoanatomical changes observed. Our results demonstrate that <i>E. involucrata</i> leaf extract negatively affects plant-plant interactions, with potential implications for other species. Proteomic analysis revealed changes in key proteins, providing insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and supporting future research on allelopathy in <i>E. involucrata.</i> </p>

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Proteomic and morphoanatomical analyses reveal allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of Eugenia involucrata DC. (Myrtaceae) on Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae) seedlings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月13日

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  • Brenda Oliveira Souza dos Reis,
  • Juliana Klostermann Ziemmer,
  • Leila do Nascimento Vieira,
  • Karina da Silva Vieira,
  • Vanildo Silveira,
  • Hugo Pacheco de Freitas Fraga

摘要

This study investigates the allelopathic effects of Eugenia involucrata (Myrtaceae), a species native to Brazil, on the germination and early development of Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae), popularly known as lettuce. The seeds of lettuce were germinated on filter paper in gerbox with 10 mL of aqueous extract of E. involucrata leaves at concentrations of 0, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. Germination percentage, development indices, morphoanatomy, and protein accumulation were evaluated after 7 days. All concentrations showed inhibitory effects on germination and seedling development, with the 2% extract showing a higher allelopathic effect. The main changes in seedlings treated included necrosis, curved cotyledons, and inhibited root growth. Anatomical analyses revealed changes in the radicle apical meristem, disorganized cotyledon parenchyma, and invaginated epidermis. Comparative proteomic analysis between seedlings treated and untreated (control) with the extract (2%) identified 944 proteins, with one unique to treated, 30 unique to control, 38 up-accumulated, and 199 down-accumulated. Among the up-accumulated proteins, five were associated with stress response (Heat shock protein 70, GrpE protein, Peroxidase, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and Thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin), while others, were linked to cell wall modification (polygalacturonase, pectinesterase, and glycosyltransferase), supporting the morphoanatomical changes observed. Our results demonstrate that E. involucrata leaf extract negatively affects plant-plant interactions, with potential implications for other species. Proteomic analysis revealed changes in key proteins, providing insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and supporting future research on allelopathy in E. involucrata.