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<p>To address secondary frequency drop (SFD) under high wind power penetration, this paper proposes an active disturbance rejection control (ADRC)-based coordinated frequency control strategy for energy storage systems. A mapping relationship between wind turbine control strategy switching and system frequency response is established, clarifying the underlying mechanism of SFD. Based on this analysis, a reconstructed system frequency model considering wind power contributions is developed, in which the beneficial active power support of wind turbines to frequency regulation is preserved, while the adverse components induced by control strategy switching and wind speed uncertainty are explicitly represented as independent disturbance terms. Building upon this model, an ADRC-based coordinated frequency control structure for energy storage with selective-disturbance suppression capability is proposed, enabling effective coordination between energy storage systems and conventional synchronous generators for frequency regulation and thereby suppressing SFD. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach under various operating conditions.</p>

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Mitigating Secondary Frequency Drop for Wind Farm: An ADRC-Based Auxiliary Strategy of Energy Storage Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Rixu Huai,
  • Bo Wei,
  • Huilai Ding

摘要

To address secondary frequency drop (SFD) under high wind power penetration, this paper proposes an active disturbance rejection control (ADRC)-based coordinated frequency control strategy for energy storage systems. A mapping relationship between wind turbine control strategy switching and system frequency response is established, clarifying the underlying mechanism of SFD. Based on this analysis, a reconstructed system frequency model considering wind power contributions is developed, in which the beneficial active power support of wind turbines to frequency regulation is preserved, while the adverse components induced by control strategy switching and wind speed uncertainty are explicitly represented as independent disturbance terms. Building upon this model, an ADRC-based coordinated frequency control structure for energy storage with selective-disturbance suppression capability is proposed, enabling effective coordination between energy storage systems and conventional synchronous generators for frequency regulation and thereby suppressing SFD. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach under various operating conditions.