<p>The <i>uniform Turán density </i><InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40305_2025_619_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\pi _\textrm{u}(F)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>π</mi> <mtext>u</mtext> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of a (3-uniform) hypergraph <i>F</i> is the supremum of <i>d</i> for which there are infinitely many <i>F</i>-free hypergraphs with the property that every induced subhypergraph of <i>H</i> on a linearly sized vertex set has edge density at least <i>d</i>. Determining <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40305_2025_619_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\pi _\textrm{u}(F)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>π</mi> <mtext>u</mtext> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for given hypergraphs <i>F</i> was suggested by Erdős and Sós in the 1980s. However, there are very few hypergraphs whose uniform Turán density has been determined. In this paper, we are the first to establish a verifiable condition for hypergraphs <i>F</i> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40305_2025_619_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="90" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\pi _\textrm{u}(F) = 1/4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>π</mi> <mtext>u</mtext> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In particular, currently known hypergraphs whose uniform Turán density is 1/4, such as <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40305_2025_619_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_4^{(3)-}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>K</mi> <mn>4</mn> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>-</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> studied in Glebov et al. (Israel J Math 211:349–366, 2016) and Reiher et al. (J Eur Math Soc 20:1139–1159, 2018), and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40305_2025_619_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(F^{\star }_5\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>F</mi> <mn>5</mn> <mo>⋆</mo> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> studied in Chen and Schülke (Beyond the broken tetrahedron, 2022, <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12747">arXiv:2211.12747</a>), satisfy this condition. Moreover, we also identify some new hypergraphs whose uniform Turán density is also 1/4.</p>

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Hypergraphs with a Quarter Uniform Turán Density

  • Hao Li,
  • Hao Lin,
  • Guang-Hui Wang,
  • Wen-Ling Zhou

摘要

The uniform Turán density \(\pi _\textrm{u}(F)\) π u ( F ) of a (3-uniform) hypergraph F is the supremum of d for which there are infinitely many F-free hypergraphs with the property that every induced subhypergraph of H on a linearly sized vertex set has edge density at least d. Determining \(\pi _\textrm{u}(F)\) π u ( F ) for given hypergraphs F was suggested by Erdős and Sós in the 1980s. However, there are very few hypergraphs whose uniform Turán density has been determined. In this paper, we are the first to establish a verifiable condition for hypergraphs F with \(\pi _\textrm{u}(F) = 1/4\) π u ( F ) = 1 / 4 . In particular, currently known hypergraphs whose uniform Turán density is 1/4, such as \(K_4^{(3)-}\) K 4 ( 3 ) - studied in Glebov et al. (Israel J Math 211:349–366, 2016) and Reiher et al. (J Eur Math Soc 20:1139–1159, 2018), and \(F^{\star }_5\) F 5 studied in Chen and Schülke (Beyond the broken tetrahedron, 2022, arXiv:2211.12747), satisfy this condition. Moreover, we also identify some new hypergraphs whose uniform Turán density is also 1/4.