<p>This work revealed for the first time that SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction (SnO<sub><i>x</i></sub>, 1&lt;<i>x</i>&lt;2) could act as a novel and powerful electrochemiluminescence (ECL) co-reactant. Heterojunction-containing SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures (<i>ca.</i> 20 nm) capped with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) were uniformly produced by MSA-etching tin nanoparticles, and could be spontaneously self-assembled into large-sized (<i>ca.</i> 200 nm), well-dispersed, uniform, and spherical nanoparticles (SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub>-MSA SANs). The synthesized SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub>-MSA SANs could act as a highly efficient co-reactant for the Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup> ECL system, outperforming the conventional co-reactant tri-<i>n</i>-propylamine (TPrA). It was revealed that the high co-reactant activity of SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub> did not originate from SnO or SnO<sub>2</sub> alone, but from the heterojunction of SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub> (<i>i.e.</i>, SnO<sub><i>x</i></sub>, 1&lt;<i>x</i>&lt;2). The SnO<sub><i>x</i></sub> heterojunction acted as a strong co-reactant, initiating highly energetic electron-transfer with the electrogenerated Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>3+</sup> and emitting strong ECL. Utilizing the abundant negative surface charges of SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub>-MSA SANs, Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup> complexes were successfully loaded <i>via</i> electrostatic adsorption to construct self-enhanced ECL nanocomposites, i.e., SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub>-MSA SANs@Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup>. The composites exhibited highly efficient anodic ECL emission peaking at 618 nm without requiring any exogenous species. The nanoscale integration of Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup> luminophores and SnO@SnO<sub>2</sub>-MSA SAN co-reactants shortens the electron-transfer pathway and thus improves the interfacial ECL reaction efficiency.</p>

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SnO@SnO2 Heterojunction as a Novel and Powerful Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) Co-reactant and Strong Self-enhanced ECL Based on SnO@SnO2-mercaptosuccinic Acid Self-assembled Nanoparticles@Ru(bpy)32+ System

  • Weiwei Zhang,
  • Qichen Yao,
  • Yun Huang,
  • Jingcheng Zheng,
  • Jiwei Shao,
  • Yu Chen,
  • Yuhong Chen,
  • Yuwu Chi

摘要

This work revealed for the first time that SnO@SnO2 heterojunction (SnOx, 1<x<2) could act as a novel and powerful electrochemiluminescence (ECL) co-reactant. Heterojunction-containing SnO@SnO2 nanostructures (ca. 20 nm) capped with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) were uniformly produced by MSA-etching tin nanoparticles, and could be spontaneously self-assembled into large-sized (ca. 200 nm), well-dispersed, uniform, and spherical nanoparticles (SnO@SnO2-MSA SANs). The synthesized SnO@SnO2-MSA SANs could act as a highly efficient co-reactant for the Ru(bpy)32+ ECL system, outperforming the conventional co-reactant tri-n-propylamine (TPrA). It was revealed that the high co-reactant activity of SnO@SnO2 did not originate from SnO or SnO2 alone, but from the heterojunction of SnO@SnO2 (i.e., SnOx, 1<x<2). The SnOx heterojunction acted as a strong co-reactant, initiating highly energetic electron-transfer with the electrogenerated Ru(bpy)33+ and emitting strong ECL. Utilizing the abundant negative surface charges of SnO@SnO2-MSA SANs, Ru(bpy)32+ complexes were successfully loaded via electrostatic adsorption to construct self-enhanced ECL nanocomposites, i.e., SnO@SnO2-MSA SANs@Ru(bpy)32+. The composites exhibited highly efficient anodic ECL emission peaking at 618 nm without requiring any exogenous species. The nanoscale integration of Ru(bpy)32+ luminophores and SnO@SnO2-MSA SAN co-reactants shortens the electron-transfer pathway and thus improves the interfacial ECL reaction efficiency.