<p>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are major air pollutants that present significant long-term health risks in both indoor and outdoor environments. Among various VOC removal methods, catalytic combustion is widely regarded as one of the most effective methods due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, high efficiency, and industrial feasibility. Perovskite oxides have emerged as promising catalysts for VOC oxidation due to their tunable physicochemical properties, compositional flexibility, and excellent thermochemical stability. The catalytic performance of perovskite oxides is primarily influenced by factors, such as morphology, material composition, and both surface and bulk characteristics. By employing strategies, such as metal and non-metal doping, morphology optimization (<i>e.g.</i>, nano-structuring, 3DOM), and hybrid constructions (<i>e.g.</i>, perovskites supporting other active catalysts or vice versa), catalytic efficiency for VOC removal can be significantly enhanced. This review provides an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in perovskite-based catalysts for VOC oxidation, emphasizing the role of material design strategies and examining the reaction mechanisms through models, such as Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H), Eley-Rideal (E-R), and Mars-van Krevelen (MvK). These mechanisms underscore the importance of surface-adsorbed oxygen, lattice oxygen, and oxygen vacancies in enhancing catalytic performance and stability, offering crucial insights into optimizing perovskite catalysts for effective VOC removal.</p>