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Purpose <p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined L-arginine and Vitamin C supplementation on nitrogen balance, body composition, maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max), and serum levels of growth hormone (GH), testosterone, cortisol, glucose and lipid profile in male bodybuilding athletes.</p> Methods <p>In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 50 male bodybuilders (mean age: 24.19 ± 3.83 years) were allocated to either an intervention group (<i>n</i> = 25) receiving 3000&#xa0;mg/day L-arginine (3 × 1000&#xa0;mg) plus 500&#xa0;mg/day Vitamin C, or a placebo group (<i>n</i> = 25) receiving starch, for 45 days. All participants followed a standardized combined resistance and aerobic exercise protocol. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, and VO₂max were assessed pre- and post-intervention.</p> Results <p>Compared to the placebo group, the supplement group demonstrated a significant increase in VO₂max (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and serum testosterone levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). A significant reduction was observed in body weight (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), BMI (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and body fat (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in the intervention group. However, no significant changes were found in serum levels of GH or cortisol between the groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). While urinary urea nitrogen decreased significantly, the change in nitrogen balance did not reach statistical significance between groups after adjusting for confounders.</p> Conclusion <p>Supplementation with L-arginine and Vitamin C, in conjunction with a structured training program, can improve athletic performance (VO₂max), enhance anabolic status (increased testosterone), and favorably alter body composition by reducing fat mass in male bodybuilders, without significantly affecting GH or cortisol levels.</p>

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The combined effect of L-arginine and Vitamin C supplementation on nitrogen balance, body composition, maximal oxygen uptake, and anabolic-catabolic hormones in male bodybuilders: A randomized double-blind clinical trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Sara Sohrabi Athar,
  • Saeid Ghavamzadeh,
  • Behnam Zayer,
  • Zahra Yekta,
  • Leila Hasaniani

摘要

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined L-arginine and Vitamin C supplementation on nitrogen balance, body composition, maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max), and serum levels of growth hormone (GH), testosterone, cortisol, glucose and lipid profile in male bodybuilding athletes.

Methods

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 50 male bodybuilders (mean age: 24.19 ± 3.83 years) were allocated to either an intervention group (n = 25) receiving 3000 mg/day L-arginine (3 × 1000 mg) plus 500 mg/day Vitamin C, or a placebo group (n = 25) receiving starch, for 45 days. All participants followed a standardized combined resistance and aerobic exercise protocol. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, and VO₂max were assessed pre- and post-intervention.

Results

Compared to the placebo group, the supplement group demonstrated a significant increase in VO₂max (p < 0.001) and serum testosterone levels (p < 0.001). A significant reduction was observed in body weight (p < 0.001), BMI (p = 0.004), and body fat (p < 0.001) in the intervention group. However, no significant changes were found in serum levels of GH or cortisol between the groups (p > 0.05). While urinary urea nitrogen decreased significantly, the change in nitrogen balance did not reach statistical significance between groups after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusion

Supplementation with L-arginine and Vitamin C, in conjunction with a structured training program, can improve athletic performance (VO₂max), enhance anabolic status (increased testosterone), and favorably alter body composition by reducing fat mass in male bodybuilders, without significantly affecting GH or cortisol levels.