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Purpose <p>To investigate the association between Circadian Syndrome (CircS)—a metabolic syndrome extension incorporating circadian disruption—and periodontitis in U.S. adults, and to identify high-risk subgroups for targeted prevention.</p> Methods <p>We analyzed 5,343 U.S. adults from NHANES 2009–2014. Periodontitis was defined by probing depth and clinical attachment level; CircS required ≥ 4 of 7 components (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-C, BP, fasting glucose, sleep ≤ 6&#xa0;h, PHQ-9 ≥ 5). Weighted multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analyses and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) were used.</p> Results <p>CircS prevalence was 59.8%. After adjusting for sociodemographics and lifestyle, CircS was associated with 29% higher odds of periodontitis (OR = 1.29, 95%CI:1.08–1.53). Subgroups with elevated risk included females (OR = 1.499), non-Hispanic Whites (OR = 1.352), unmarried individuals (OR = 1.367), non-smokers (OR = 1.308), and those with low education (OR = 1.880). PSM sensitivity analysis confirmed robustness (OR = 1.22, <i>p</i> = 0.048).</p> Conclusion <p>CircS independently predicts periodontitis risk, underscoring circadian-metabolic dysregulation as a shared pathway for oral-systemic disease. Integration of circadian health screening into diabetes/metabolic care may enhance periodontitis prevention, particularly in high-risk subgroups.</p>

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Association between circadian syndrome and periodontitis in U.S. adults: results from NHANES 2009–2014

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月14日

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  • Xuan Han,
  • Xiaowei Guo,
  • Yuhang Hou,
  • Xiaorui Li,
  • Li Ma,
  • Xiaoying Zang,
  • Xiangyu Zhang,
  • Xiaonan Zhang

摘要

Purpose

To investigate the association between Circadian Syndrome (CircS)—a metabolic syndrome extension incorporating circadian disruption—and periodontitis in U.S. adults, and to identify high-risk subgroups for targeted prevention.

Methods

We analyzed 5,343 U.S. adults from NHANES 2009–2014. Periodontitis was defined by probing depth and clinical attachment level; CircS required ≥ 4 of 7 components (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-C, BP, fasting glucose, sleep ≤ 6 h, PHQ-9 ≥ 5). Weighted multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analyses and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) were used.

Results

CircS prevalence was 59.8%. After adjusting for sociodemographics and lifestyle, CircS was associated with 29% higher odds of periodontitis (OR = 1.29, 95%CI:1.08–1.53). Subgroups with elevated risk included females (OR = 1.499), non-Hispanic Whites (OR = 1.352), unmarried individuals (OR = 1.367), non-smokers (OR = 1.308), and those with low education (OR = 1.880). PSM sensitivity analysis confirmed robustness (OR = 1.22, p = 0.048).

Conclusion

CircS independently predicts periodontitis risk, underscoring circadian-metabolic dysregulation as a shared pathway for oral-systemic disease. Integration of circadian health screening into diabetes/metabolic care may enhance periodontitis prevention, particularly in high-risk subgroups.