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Purpose <p>This study aims to evaluate the association between the insulin resistance as assessed by Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index and dementia and to determine whether this relationship varies by sex.</p> Methods <p>We assessed TyG index in older patients admitted to an Italian Memory Clinic with different cognitive status: 335 (71% females-F) participants with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 99 (61% F) with vascular dementia (VAD), 301 (67% F) with mixed dementia (MIXED: AD + VAD), 442 (57% F) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 173 cognitively healthy controls (61% F).</p> Results <p>We found that only in females high TyG index was associated with a greater probability of receiving a diagnosis of MCI (odd ratio - O.R.: 1.91, 95% confidence interval - C.I.: 1.08–3.34), VAD (O.R.: 2.23; 95% C.I.: 1.10–4.51), and MIXED (O.R.: 1.92, 95% C.I.: 1.10–3.33), but not AD (O.R.: 1.07, 95% C.I.: 0.63–1.85). Notably, these associations remained significant in a multi-adjusted model, including age, smoking, total cholesterol and comorbidities.</p> Conclusions <p>Our findings suggest that insulin resistance may be a risk factor for dementia with a cerebrovascular component, but only in older females.</p>

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Sex-difference in the association between Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index and dementia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Giovanni Zuliani,
  • Gloria Brombo,
  • Francesco di Paola Dario,
  • Marco Zuin,
  • Tommaso Romagnoli,
  • Michele Polastri,
  • Carlo Renzini,
  • Alessandro Trentini,
  • Raffaella Riccetti,
  • Carlo Cervellati

摘要

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the association between the insulin resistance as assessed by Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index and dementia and to determine whether this relationship varies by sex.

Methods

We assessed TyG index in older patients admitted to an Italian Memory Clinic with different cognitive status: 335 (71% females-F) participants with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 99 (61% F) with vascular dementia (VAD), 301 (67% F) with mixed dementia (MIXED: AD + VAD), 442 (57% F) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 173 cognitively healthy controls (61% F).

Results

We found that only in females high TyG index was associated with a greater probability of receiving a diagnosis of MCI (odd ratio - O.R.: 1.91, 95% confidence interval - C.I.: 1.08–3.34), VAD (O.R.: 2.23; 95% C.I.: 1.10–4.51), and MIXED (O.R.: 1.92, 95% C.I.: 1.10–3.33), but not AD (O.R.: 1.07, 95% C.I.: 0.63–1.85). Notably, these associations remained significant in a multi-adjusted model, including age, smoking, total cholesterol and comorbidities.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that insulin resistance may be a risk factor for dementia with a cerebrovascular component, but only in older females.