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Background <p>Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major complication of diabetes, impacting approximately one-third of diabetic patients worldwide. Treating DFUs has become increasingly difficult due to the rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria like <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. These pathogens often form biofilms, which protect them from both antibiotics and the immune system, making infections harder to eliminate. As a result, new treatment approaches are urgently needed to overcome the limitations of traditional antibiotic therapies. This integrative review investigates the potential of bacteriophage (phage) therapy as an alternative treatment for DFUs. A thorough analysis of recent scientific literature was conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of DFUs, the impact of antibiotic resistance and biofilms, and the biological properties of bacteriophages that make them effective against resistant infections. Key phage components—such as structural proteins, tail fibers, endolysins, and enzymes that degrade bacterial capsules—were examined for their therapeutic relevance.</p> Results <p>Evidence from laboratory studies, animal models, and early clinical research shows that phage therapy is effective in targeting drug-resistant bacteria involved in DFUs. Phages offer several advantages, including their ability to specifically target harmful bacteria, break down biofilms, and multiply at infection sites. These characteristics make them a promising tool for treating chronic, non-healing wounds.</p> Conclusion <p>Bacteriophage therapy represents a cutting-edge strategy for managing DFUs, particularly in cases where conventional antibiotics fail. By utilizing the natural antibacterial properties of phages, this approach could lead to more personalized and precise wound care, potentially transforming the way chronic diabetic ulcers are treated.</p>

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Revolutionizing diabetic foot ulcer treatment: phage therapy as a next-generation antimicrobial approach- a review on breaking the cycle of resistance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月18日

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  • Sakshi Madaan,
  • Ishwerpreet Kaur Jawanda,
  • Kashish Madaan,
  • Jasleen Kaur,
  • Ridhi,
  • Sharnya Pathak,
  • Seema Kumari

摘要

Background

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major complication of diabetes, impacting approximately one-third of diabetic patients worldwide. Treating DFUs has become increasingly difficult due to the rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These pathogens often form biofilms, which protect them from both antibiotics and the immune system, making infections harder to eliminate. As a result, new treatment approaches are urgently needed to overcome the limitations of traditional antibiotic therapies. This integrative review investigates the potential of bacteriophage (phage) therapy as an alternative treatment for DFUs. A thorough analysis of recent scientific literature was conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of DFUs, the impact of antibiotic resistance and biofilms, and the biological properties of bacteriophages that make them effective against resistant infections. Key phage components—such as structural proteins, tail fibers, endolysins, and enzymes that degrade bacterial capsules—were examined for their therapeutic relevance.

Results

Evidence from laboratory studies, animal models, and early clinical research shows that phage therapy is effective in targeting drug-resistant bacteria involved in DFUs. Phages offer several advantages, including their ability to specifically target harmful bacteria, break down biofilms, and multiply at infection sites. These characteristics make them a promising tool for treating chronic, non-healing wounds.

Conclusion

Bacteriophage therapy represents a cutting-edge strategy for managing DFUs, particularly in cases where conventional antibiotics fail. By utilizing the natural antibacterial properties of phages, this approach could lead to more personalized and precise wound care, potentially transforming the way chronic diabetic ulcers are treated.