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<p> The present study examines the thermal–elastoplastic behaviour of SS 316L stainless steel welds during pulsed laser welding through combined experimental and numerical analysis. Initially, bead-on-plate experiments were performed with different heat inputs to determine the optimal condition for achieving full penetration. The identified optimal heat input was then applied to square butt joint welds to analyze thermal cycles, residual stresses, and distortions, as well as to guide heat source modelling. For finite element modelling (FEM) in SYSWELD, both conical and combined (conical plus ellipsoidal) heat source models were used to simulate the welding process and predict the resulting thermal–mechanical responses. Thermal cycles were recorded using surface-mounted thermocouples, vertical displacements were measured with an electronic height gauge, and residual stresses were evaluated via ultrasonic testing. Results showed that the combined heat source model predicted maximum temperatures within 4% of experimental values, whereas residual stresses and distortions were within 16–29% of measured values, demonstrating its superior accuracy in capturing weld-induced thermal and mechanical behaviour.</p>

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Coupled thermal–mechanical analysis of laser beam-welded 316L stainless steel via finite element method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • M. Zubairuddin,
  • B. Yelamasetti,
  • R. Ravikumar,
  • Gaurang. R. Joshi,
  • Vivek J. Pathak,
  • R. K. Buddu,
  • Dhanesh G. Mohan

摘要

The present study examines the thermal–elastoplastic behaviour of SS 316L stainless steel welds during pulsed laser welding through combined experimental and numerical analysis. Initially, bead-on-plate experiments were performed with different heat inputs to determine the optimal condition for achieving full penetration. The identified optimal heat input was then applied to square butt joint welds to analyze thermal cycles, residual stresses, and distortions, as well as to guide heat source modelling. For finite element modelling (FEM) in SYSWELD, both conical and combined (conical plus ellipsoidal) heat source models were used to simulate the welding process and predict the resulting thermal–mechanical responses. Thermal cycles were recorded using surface-mounted thermocouples, vertical displacements were measured with an electronic height gauge, and residual stresses were evaluated via ultrasonic testing. Results showed that the combined heat source model predicted maximum temperatures within 4% of experimental values, whereas residual stresses and distortions were within 16–29% of measured values, demonstrating its superior accuracy in capturing weld-induced thermal and mechanical behaviour.