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<p>This study investigates the effects of crack length (1–3&#xa0;cm central cracks) and optimized reinforcement patch geometry (copper/titanium; rectangular/oval/hexagonal) on the mechanical behavior of Grade 2 titanium sheets under quasi-static tensile loading. The research specifically aims to (1) connect patches to repair central and mode I cracks in titanium sheets via diffusion method, (2) suppress crack propagation, and (3) restore tensile performance. A Grade 2 titanium base sheets (0.5 × 40 × 50&#xa0;mm) was prepared for tensile testing in compliance with ASTM and ASME standards. Diffusion bonding used identical conditions for each material: Cu at 820–850&#xa0;°C (46.8–49.9&#xa0;MPa) and Ti at 950–980&#xa0;°C (48–50&#xa0;MPa). The SEM images showed no degradation or defects in the homogeneous microstructure. Results demonstrate (i) tensile strength reduction with increasing crack length, (ii) hexagonal copper patches showing superior performance (26.56–35.6% higher crack resistance versus rectangular/oval), and (iii) titanium patches achieving 21.44–27.12% improvement. These findings quantitatively demonstrate that patch geometry and material selection jointly determine durability: hexagonal configurations prove to be the most effective shape, showing the greatest improvement compared to homogeneous patches. Meanwhile, titanium patches exhibit significantly higher tensile strength than copper ones. Future research should investigate performance under cyclic loading and environmental exposure conditions.</p>

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Optimizing the tensile strength of titanium sheets with various shaped copper-titanium patches via diffusion bonding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • Ardeshir Mahmoudi Nasab,
  • Alireza Nezamabadi,
  • Farzan Barati

摘要

This study investigates the effects of crack length (1–3 cm central cracks) and optimized reinforcement patch geometry (copper/titanium; rectangular/oval/hexagonal) on the mechanical behavior of Grade 2 titanium sheets under quasi-static tensile loading. The research specifically aims to (1) connect patches to repair central and mode I cracks in titanium sheets via diffusion method, (2) suppress crack propagation, and (3) restore tensile performance. A Grade 2 titanium base sheets (0.5 × 40 × 50 mm) was prepared for tensile testing in compliance with ASTM and ASME standards. Diffusion bonding used identical conditions for each material: Cu at 820–850 °C (46.8–49.9 MPa) and Ti at 950–980 °C (48–50 MPa). The SEM images showed no degradation or defects in the homogeneous microstructure. Results demonstrate (i) tensile strength reduction with increasing crack length, (ii) hexagonal copper patches showing superior performance (26.56–35.6% higher crack resistance versus rectangular/oval), and (iii) titanium patches achieving 21.44–27.12% improvement. These findings quantitatively demonstrate that patch geometry and material selection jointly determine durability: hexagonal configurations prove to be the most effective shape, showing the greatest improvement compared to homogeneous patches. Meanwhile, titanium patches exhibit significantly higher tensile strength than copper ones. Future research should investigate performance under cyclic loading and environmental exposure conditions.