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<p>The successful application of thick-section electron beam (EB) welding in 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) materials will be evaluated in this paper. This work focuses on the joining of safety critical components (traditionally produced from wrought plate) with the aim to optimise the manufacturing method and reduce material waste. Here, TWI will present the objectives of the program, challenges of the work including the developments and improvements observed. In particular will be discussion of the phase balance and material performance of the weld solidification product and heat-affected zone. EB welding of these materials has traditionally led to an undesirable phase balance due to the rapid cooling rates produced by the low heat input process. However, this paper will show methods of achieving suitable phase balances whilst using the EB process. Both weld and heat-affected zone (HAZ) ferrite levels of between 40 ≤ F% ≤ 70 were achieved in 20&#xa0;mm and 60&#xa0;mm DSS. This was achieved whilst having no observed negative effect on the other tested material properties where hardness, transverse tensile and Charpy V notch tests were conducted. Transverse tensile tests showed an ultimate tensile strength and elongation that were comparable to the parent material. Hardness testing showed that there was no significant change in hardness in the HAZ and weld metal compared to parent metal. Charpy V notch tests showed that all tested samples had an absorbed energy of ≥ 124&#xa0;J with all samples remaining unbroken (partially fractured). A compelling case will be presented for the application of EB welding for the joining of safety critical DSS components.</p>

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Electron beam welding of 2205 duplex stainless steel for safety critical components

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月22日

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  • Derek Holiver,
  • Briony Holmes,
  • Chris Punshon,
  • Shaun Smart,
  • Elliott Broughton

摘要

The successful application of thick-section electron beam (EB) welding in 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) materials will be evaluated in this paper. This work focuses on the joining of safety critical components (traditionally produced from wrought plate) with the aim to optimise the manufacturing method and reduce material waste. Here, TWI will present the objectives of the program, challenges of the work including the developments and improvements observed. In particular will be discussion of the phase balance and material performance of the weld solidification product and heat-affected zone. EB welding of these materials has traditionally led to an undesirable phase balance due to the rapid cooling rates produced by the low heat input process. However, this paper will show methods of achieving suitable phase balances whilst using the EB process. Both weld and heat-affected zone (HAZ) ferrite levels of between 40 ≤ F% ≤ 70 were achieved in 20 mm and 60 mm DSS. This was achieved whilst having no observed negative effect on the other tested material properties where hardness, transverse tensile and Charpy V notch tests were conducted. Transverse tensile tests showed an ultimate tensile strength and elongation that were comparable to the parent material. Hardness testing showed that there was no significant change in hardness in the HAZ and weld metal compared to parent metal. Charpy V notch tests showed that all tested samples had an absorbed energy of ≥ 124 J with all samples remaining unbroken (partially fractured). A compelling case will be presented for the application of EB welding for the joining of safety critical DSS components.