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<p>This study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum-steel explosive clad produced in both open-air and underwater environments. The clads obtained in open air exhibited porous, molten zones, while those obtained underwater displayed uniform and refined microstructures due to rapid quenching. Numerical simulations using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method in ANSYS AUTODYN revealed elevated temperature and pressure during the process. Although both conditions resulted in clads with increased interface hardness, the underwater clads demonstrated an 18% higher ram tensile strength. Additionally, an analytical welding window was developed, validating the optimal conditions for successful cladding.</p>

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Microstructure and strength characteristics of Al 5052-SS 304 explosive clads obtained in open-air and underwater conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月27日

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  • S. Saravanan,
  • Bir Bahadur Sherpa

摘要

This study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum-steel explosive clad produced in both open-air and underwater environments. The clads obtained in open air exhibited porous, molten zones, while those obtained underwater displayed uniform and refined microstructures due to rapid quenching. Numerical simulations using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method in ANSYS AUTODYN revealed elevated temperature and pressure during the process. Although both conditions resulted in clads with increased interface hardness, the underwater clads demonstrated an 18% higher ram tensile strength. Additionally, an analytical welding window was developed, validating the optimal conditions for successful cladding.