<p>High-strength steel welds are typically not known to be susceptible to Solidification Cracking (SC). However, modern light-weight constructions may force welding in highly restrained conditions, which are known to increase the probability of Solidification Crack (SC) emergence. In this article, the Modified Varestraint-Transvarestraint (MVT) test was used to evaluate the hot cracking susceptibility of welds made from high-strength, low-alloyed filler material. The materials tested include solid wires and a metal-cored wire. All wires are typically used in the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process. Susceptibility to SC was measured over a wide range of welding parameters and bending speeds. Results show little affinity of the tested materials to SC. However, crack length increases in most cases with arc energy (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40194_2025_2042_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="142" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\text{U}\bullet \text{I}/\text{welding speed}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mtext>U</mtext> <mo>∙</mo> <mtext>I</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mtext>welding speed</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and welding speed. The length of the longest crack in one test specimen follows a similar trend until high welding speeds, where stagnation of crack length with changing arc energy was observed.</p>

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Transvarestraint testing of high-strength steel filler metal

  • Philipp Liepold,
  • Arne Kromm,
  • Thomas Kannengiesser

摘要

High-strength steel welds are typically not known to be susceptible to Solidification Cracking (SC). However, modern light-weight constructions may force welding in highly restrained conditions, which are known to increase the probability of Solidification Crack (SC) emergence. In this article, the Modified Varestraint-Transvarestraint (MVT) test was used to evaluate the hot cracking susceptibility of welds made from high-strength, low-alloyed filler material. The materials tested include solid wires and a metal-cored wire. All wires are typically used in the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process. Susceptibility to SC was measured over a wide range of welding parameters and bending speeds. Results show little affinity of the tested materials to SC. However, crack length increases in most cases with arc energy ( \(\text{U}\bullet \text{I}/\text{welding speed}\) U I / welding speed ) and welding speed. The length of the longest crack in one test specimen follows a similar trend until high welding speeds, where stagnation of crack length with changing arc energy was observed.