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<p>The particle size distribution of welding fumes varies with welding parameters, particularly the welding process, the base material, and the consumable. Welding fumes are known to be hazardous to health through various mechanisms. The health hazard of welding fume exposure is dependent upon fume composition as well as size distribution. Smaller particles have a larger surface area, can travel deeper into the lungs, and can travel through olfactory receptors to the brain and other organs. Nanoparticles (&lt; 100&#xa0;nm) are of greatest concern. Welding fumes are composed of primary nanoparticles that collide and agglomerate. This study investigates how common combinations of welding process types, base materials, and consumables impact the mass and number concentrations as well as the size distribution of the fumes. Flux-cored arc welding had the largest total mass concentration of welding fume produced with a mass concentration of the respirable fraction approaching the occupational exposure limit. Furthermore, this type of welding had a higher amount of nanomaterials than some of the other process types. Gas tungsten arc welding had the lowest overall mass concentration of welding fumes but the highest number concentration of nanoparticles.</p>

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Particle size distribution of welding fume variations by process, base material, and consumable

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月27日

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  • Emily Quecke,
  • Jean-Michel Galarneau,
  • Nicola Cherry,
  • Zaher Hashisho,
  • Bernadette Quemerais

摘要

The particle size distribution of welding fumes varies with welding parameters, particularly the welding process, the base material, and the consumable. Welding fumes are known to be hazardous to health through various mechanisms. The health hazard of welding fume exposure is dependent upon fume composition as well as size distribution. Smaller particles have a larger surface area, can travel deeper into the lungs, and can travel through olfactory receptors to the brain and other organs. Nanoparticles (< 100 nm) are of greatest concern. Welding fumes are composed of primary nanoparticles that collide and agglomerate. This study investigates how common combinations of welding process types, base materials, and consumables impact the mass and number concentrations as well as the size distribution of the fumes. Flux-cored arc welding had the largest total mass concentration of welding fume produced with a mass concentration of the respirable fraction approaching the occupational exposure limit. Furthermore, this type of welding had a higher amount of nanomaterials than some of the other process types. Gas tungsten arc welding had the lowest overall mass concentration of welding fumes but the highest number concentration of nanoparticles.