<p>Microstructural characterization of polycrystalline materials is essential in order to predict the material properties and corresponding performance. Ultrasonic scattering has shown promise as a nondestructive tool to characterize polycrystalline materials. This study is focused on improving the fundamental understanding of ultrasonic scattering from different grain-size statistics for a single-phase polycrystalline material. The effect of microstructural grain-size distribution on ultrasonic scattering is studied using synthetic representative volume elements (RVE). The dataset consists of six different sets of thirty RVEs with different grain-size statistics created using DREAM.3D. The grain-size distribution spans from narrow to wide. The ultrasonic scattering is calculated numerically using all the different synthetic volumes. The results show a significant increase in ultrasonic scattering with the increase in the width of the grain-size distribution. Apart from the ultrasonic scattering, the dataset may be useful to researchers that would benefit from having access to multiple instantiations of synthetic grain ensembles with similar and/or systematically-varying lognormal size distribution.</p>