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Purpose of the Review <p>To examine the current landscape of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on non-pharmacological complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies used for the management of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (MSTBI).</p> Recent Findings <p>A total of 25 RCTs published between 2005 and 2022 were included. 52% of included RCTs were conducted in the United Kingdom, Iran, Finland, and the United States. Among the 12 distinct non-pharmacologic CAM interventions studied, 89 unique outcome measures were used, and 8 interventions were studied in only one RCT. Music therapy, acupuncture, light therapy, and compassionate imagery were the most common CAM interventions studied. 56% of RCTs had high risk of bias (RoB), 36% had unclear RoB, and 8% had low RoB. Given the limited available evidence, its low quality, and its heterogeneity, drawing conclusions about which of these interventions, if any, should be recommended to patients and/or their care teams is difficult.</p> Summary <p>The majority of RCTs examining CAM interventions are poor in quality, as measured by the Cochrane RoB tool, and have generated mixed results. High quality RCTs with larger sample sizes are required to improve the strength of the evidence and inform high level evidence-based recommendations pertaining to CAM interventions in MSTBI.</p>

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Non-Pharmacological Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies in Randomized Controlled Trials of Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月20日

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  • Sarvenaz Mehrabi,
  • Cecilia Flores-Sandoval,
  • Emma A. Bateman,
  • Heather M. MacKenzie,
  • Nicole Billias,
  • Robert Teasell

摘要

Purpose of the Review

To examine the current landscape of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on non-pharmacological complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies used for the management of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (MSTBI).

Recent Findings

A total of 25 RCTs published between 2005 and 2022 were included. 52% of included RCTs were conducted in the United Kingdom, Iran, Finland, and the United States. Among the 12 distinct non-pharmacologic CAM interventions studied, 89 unique outcome measures were used, and 8 interventions were studied in only one RCT. Music therapy, acupuncture, light therapy, and compassionate imagery were the most common CAM interventions studied. 56% of RCTs had high risk of bias (RoB), 36% had unclear RoB, and 8% had low RoB. Given the limited available evidence, its low quality, and its heterogeneity, drawing conclusions about which of these interventions, if any, should be recommended to patients and/or their care teams is difficult.

Summary

The majority of RCTs examining CAM interventions are poor in quality, as measured by the Cochrane RoB tool, and have generated mixed results. High quality RCTs with larger sample sizes are required to improve the strength of the evidence and inform high level evidence-based recommendations pertaining to CAM interventions in MSTBI.