Purpose of Review <p>Palatal expansion describes the widening of the maxilla in the coronal plane. There has been increasing interest in this procedure for management of upper airway obstruction in adults and children.</p> Recent Findings <p>The development of orthodontic expansion techniques have heralded new paradigms for surgical and functional interventions for maxillary constriction and upper airway resistance in affected adults. Some children born with premature fusion of the palatal sutures may have symptoms of severe nasal obstruction. In cases such as those with congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis, infant surgical palatal expansion may offer an additional surgical option for the management of severe nasal obstruction.</p> Summary <p>Maxillary expansion may be accomplished at any age, though the indications for this and timing of intervention varies considerably depending on the goals of the procedure and the patency of the midpalatal suture. There is a role for both tooth-anchored and mini-screw fixated appliances depending on the indications and goals of treatment.</p>