Endoscopic Approaches to Primary Benign Orbital Neoplasm: Patient Selection, Classification, and Techniques
摘要
Endoscopic approaches to benign orbital neoplasms have expanded substantially over the past two decades, offering minimally invasive alternatives to traditional open orbital surgery. This review summarizes current principles guiding patient selection, classification, and surgical approach in the management of benign orbital neoplasms.
Recent FindingsEndoscopic transnasal techniques remain central for medially located orbital lesions, however, advances in endoscopic transorbital surgery have broadened access to lesions previously considered unsuitable for endonasal corridors alone. Contemporary classification systems, including ORBIT, provide a shared framework for reporting tumor location and complexity, facilitating comparison of outcomes across centers Jafari et al. (Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 13(10):1852–63, 2023). Increasing experience with multi-portal and combined approaches has refined corridor selection while maintaining favorable visual and functional outcomes in appropriately selected patients.
SummaryEndoscopic transnasal and transorbital approaches now form a complementary armamentarium for benign orbital tumour surgery. Optimal outcomes depend on systematic patient selection, anatomic understanding, and surgical experience, with classification systems assisting, but not replacing expert clinical judgment.