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Purpose of Review <p>This systematic review aims to evaluate the timing, mechanism, and clinical implications associated with imaging biomarkers as a method of predicting breast cancer response to hormonal therapy.</p> Recent Findings <p>Current methods of predicting breast cancer response to hormonal therapy are invasive and not representative of the entire tumor. Imaging biomarkers are emerging as a new, non-invasive, reproducible method to predict breast cancer response to hormonal therapy.</p> Summary <p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted on August 22, 2025, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library (VHL). Articles were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Irrelevant studies were excluded, and the remaining articles proceeded to full-text evaluation, followed by data extraction, quality of reporting assessment, and risk of bias assessment. Fifteen articles were included in this review, all published between 2009 and 2024. For PET/CT scans, the biomarkers utilized were 18-FDG, 18&#xa0;F-FES, 18&#xa0;F-FDHT, and 18&#xa0;F-FMISO. For MRI, contralateral breast parenchymal enhancement and background parenchymal enhancement were considered. The reported strength of the imaging biomarkers to predict response to hormonal therapy varies by the biomarker; however, many of the results are preliminary and require further study to accurately determine their strength. Imaging biomarkers have the potential to guide clinical judgment by determining effective treatments for a patient at an earlier stage in their disease course. This can decrease ineffective treatment, benefitting patients physically, mentally, emotionally, and financially, as well as decreasing healthcare costs.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Imaging Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Hormonal Therapy in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月27日

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  • Kaya L. Russell,
  • Adeline K. Whaley,
  • Ahmed Adham R. Elsayed,
  • Marc D. Basson

摘要

Purpose of Review

This systematic review aims to evaluate the timing, mechanism, and clinical implications associated with imaging biomarkers as a method of predicting breast cancer response to hormonal therapy.

Recent Findings

Current methods of predicting breast cancer response to hormonal therapy are invasive and not representative of the entire tumor. Imaging biomarkers are emerging as a new, non-invasive, reproducible method to predict breast cancer response to hormonal therapy.

Summary

A comprehensive literature search was conducted on August 22, 2025, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library (VHL). Articles were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Irrelevant studies were excluded, and the remaining articles proceeded to full-text evaluation, followed by data extraction, quality of reporting assessment, and risk of bias assessment. Fifteen articles were included in this review, all published between 2009 and 2024. For PET/CT scans, the biomarkers utilized were 18-FDG, 18 F-FES, 18 F-FDHT, and 18 F-FMISO. For MRI, contralateral breast parenchymal enhancement and background parenchymal enhancement were considered. The reported strength of the imaging biomarkers to predict response to hormonal therapy varies by the biomarker; however, many of the results are preliminary and require further study to accurately determine their strength. Imaging biomarkers have the potential to guide clinical judgment by determining effective treatments for a patient at an earlier stage in their disease course. This can decrease ineffective treatment, benefitting patients physically, mentally, emotionally, and financially, as well as decreasing healthcare costs.

Graphical Abstract