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Purpose of Review <p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children is a common and serious condition associated with significant morbidity, mortality and risk of long-term adverse outcomes. Although historically under-recognized, pediatric AKI is now better defined using standardized international criteria, including pRIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO, which have improved epidemiologic insights and early detection. However, despite the advances in AKI detection and management, there continues to be a high burden of both short and long term morbidity in AKI survivors.</p> Recent Findings <p>Key developments in the sphere of AKI centre around earlier detection and institution of management. This has been advanced through novel biomarkers, including CysC, NGAL, TIMP-2 and IGFBP7. Furthermore, genetic susceptibility of AKI is an emerging field with recent genome-wide association studies. Timely recognition and supportive management remain the cornerstone of therapy, with escalation to kidney replacement therapy (KRT), particularly continuous modalities.</p> Summary <p>This review aims to highlight the important advances in pediatric AKI epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prognosis.</p>

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Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Current Understanding and Future Directions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Abdullah AlNafisi,
  • A. Al-Dmour,
  • R. Patel,
  • S. Premkumar,
  • S. Verma,
  • A. Bahadori,
  • S. D. Marks,
  • C. Robinson,
  • N. Selvathesan

摘要

Purpose of Review

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children is a common and serious condition associated with significant morbidity, mortality and risk of long-term adverse outcomes. Although historically under-recognized, pediatric AKI is now better defined using standardized international criteria, including pRIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO, which have improved epidemiologic insights and early detection. However, despite the advances in AKI detection and management, there continues to be a high burden of both short and long term morbidity in AKI survivors.

Recent Findings

Key developments in the sphere of AKI centre around earlier detection and institution of management. This has been advanced through novel biomarkers, including CysC, NGAL, TIMP-2 and IGFBP7. Furthermore, genetic susceptibility of AKI is an emerging field with recent genome-wide association studies. Timely recognition and supportive management remain the cornerstone of therapy, with escalation to kidney replacement therapy (KRT), particularly continuous modalities.

Summary

This review aims to highlight the important advances in pediatric AKI epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prognosis.