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Introduction <p>While pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are typically administered to infants using a three- or four-dose regimen, children may receive less immunogenic regimens due to missed doses or alternative schedules. The level of direct protection in children vaccinated with a single dose of PCV remains unclear.</p> Methods <p>We performed a systematic review of observational studies published during 2000–2024 on vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a single dose of PCV7, PCV10, or PCV13 against vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children. Results were stratified by vaccine and age at administration, and meta-analysis performed to generate pooled VE estimates.</p> Results <p>Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria: nine reported VE for PCV7, four for PCV10, seven for PCV13, and seven reported VE separately for more than one PCV. For PCV7, pooled VE was 64.6% (95% CI 47.3, 76.2) when administered &lt; 12&#xa0;months or age unspecified and 81.6% (95% CI 72.5, 87.7) when given ≥ 12&#xa0;months. For PCV10, pooled VE was 73.0% (95% CI − 29.4, 94.4) when age at vaccination was unspecified, and one study reported 68.0% (95% CI 17.6, 87.6) VE when administered ≥ 12&#xa0;months. For PCV13, pooled VE was 56.8% (95% CI 44.1, 66.6) when administered &lt; 12&#xa0;months or age unspecified, and 79.2% (95% CI 65.5, 87.5) when given ≥ 12&#xa0;months.</p> Conclusions <p>Available evidence demonstrates that a single dose of PCV provides protection against vaccine-type IPD, especially when administered after age 12&#xa0;months. While complete vaccination according to licensed schedules provides optimal protection, our findings support single-dose catch-up programs for toddlers. Potential single-dose strategies for infants in humanitarian emergencies warrant further exploration.</p>

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Effectiveness of a Single Dose of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Systematic Literature Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Eileen M. Dunne,
  • Linge Hong,
  • Benjamin M. Althouse,
  • Kyla Hayford,
  • Luis Jodar,
  • Bradford D. Gessner,
  • Christian Theilacker

摘要

Introduction

While pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are typically administered to infants using a three- or four-dose regimen, children may receive less immunogenic regimens due to missed doses or alternative schedules. The level of direct protection in children vaccinated with a single dose of PCV remains unclear.

Methods

We performed a systematic review of observational studies published during 2000–2024 on vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a single dose of PCV7, PCV10, or PCV13 against vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children. Results were stratified by vaccine and age at administration, and meta-analysis performed to generate pooled VE estimates.

Results

Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria: nine reported VE for PCV7, four for PCV10, seven for PCV13, and seven reported VE separately for more than one PCV. For PCV7, pooled VE was 64.6% (95% CI 47.3, 76.2) when administered < 12 months or age unspecified and 81.6% (95% CI 72.5, 87.7) when given ≥ 12 months. For PCV10, pooled VE was 73.0% (95% CI − 29.4, 94.4) when age at vaccination was unspecified, and one study reported 68.0% (95% CI 17.6, 87.6) VE when administered ≥ 12 months. For PCV13, pooled VE was 56.8% (95% CI 44.1, 66.6) when administered < 12 months or age unspecified, and 79.2% (95% CI 65.5, 87.5) when given ≥ 12 months.

Conclusions

Available evidence demonstrates that a single dose of PCV provides protection against vaccine-type IPD, especially when administered after age 12 months. While complete vaccination according to licensed schedules provides optimal protection, our findings support single-dose catch-up programs for toddlers. Potential single-dose strategies for infants in humanitarian emergencies warrant further exploration.