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<p>Seepage-induced failures remain among the most overlooked yet potentially devastating hazards threatening the integrity of earth-filled structures in hilly terrains. In the geomorphologically fragile Western Ghats—characterized by frequent landslides, intense rainfall, and underreported seepage activity—such failures pose a growing concern. This study investigates an active subsurface seepage zone along an abandoned earth-filled canal in Puthur village, Thrissur district, Kerala, using an integrated approach of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and field observations. A 64-electrode Schlumberger array with 2&#xa0;m spacing was employed along a 128&#xa0;m profile, achieving a depth of investigation of approximately 27&#xa0;m. The 2D resistivity model revealed a wide resistivity range (~ 3–&gt;20,000 Ω·m), indicating significant lithological and moisture variability. A pronounced low-resistivity zone (3–12 Ω·m), identified between 5 and 10&#xa0;m depth, corresponds with persistent surface saturation and is interpreted as an active seepage pathway. This zone spatially aligns with a visible landslide scarp and degraded canal infrastructure, reinforcing the role of fractured charnockite bedrock in facilitating water infiltration. The transition from saturated overburden to weathered and fresh bedrock was mapped between 13 and 22&#xa0;m depth. The results underscore the value of ERT in delineating subsurface anomalies and assessing hydrologically driven slope failures. This integrated approach offers a reliable diagnostic tool for landslide risk assessment and mitigation in fragile hill terrains.</p>

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Seepage Detection in Hillslope Canal Using ERT: A Case Study from Puthur, Thrissur, Kerala

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月12日

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  • Thatikonda Suresh Kumar,
  • Sravan Kumar Kotluri,
  • K. Eldhose,
  • V. Nandakumar

摘要

Seepage-induced failures remain among the most overlooked yet potentially devastating hazards threatening the integrity of earth-filled structures in hilly terrains. In the geomorphologically fragile Western Ghats—characterized by frequent landslides, intense rainfall, and underreported seepage activity—such failures pose a growing concern. This study investigates an active subsurface seepage zone along an abandoned earth-filled canal in Puthur village, Thrissur district, Kerala, using an integrated approach of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and field observations. A 64-electrode Schlumberger array with 2 m spacing was employed along a 128 m profile, achieving a depth of investigation of approximately 27 m. The 2D resistivity model revealed a wide resistivity range (~ 3–>20,000 Ω·m), indicating significant lithological and moisture variability. A pronounced low-resistivity zone (3–12 Ω·m), identified between 5 and 10 m depth, corresponds with persistent surface saturation and is interpreted as an active seepage pathway. This zone spatially aligns with a visible landslide scarp and degraded canal infrastructure, reinforcing the role of fractured charnockite bedrock in facilitating water infiltration. The transition from saturated overburden to weathered and fresh bedrock was mapped between 13 and 22 m depth. The results underscore the value of ERT in delineating subsurface anomalies and assessing hydrologically driven slope failures. This integrated approach offers a reliable diagnostic tool for landslide risk assessment and mitigation in fragile hill terrains.