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<p>Rapid urbanization in India has increased the demand for resilient and cost-effective pavement systems, particularly for enhancing subgrade and granular layers. Mechanical reinforcements, such as geogrids and geocells, improve subgrade modulus and offer easy installation. Accurately measuring modulus in the field is crucial for assessing effectiveness of reinforcement. This study evaluates the deformation modulus of subgrade as a single layer with subgrade soil and wet mix macadam (WMM) over it as a dual layer in unreinforced and reinforced test configurations. Triaxial geogrid (TX) and geocell (GC) reinforcements were tested in laboratory and field conditions using static plate load tests (PLT), field plate load tests, and lightweight deflectometer (LWD) tests. LWD results were compared with conventional PLT findings and the modulus improvement factor (MIF) was determined for each test configuration. TX and GC reinforcements enhanced modulus values in both laboratory and field conditions, with PLT-based MIFs ranging from 1.42 to 1.47 and LWD-based MIFs from 1.52 to 1.6 for single layer. In dual-layer laboratory tests, WMM with TX reinforcement yielded MIFs of 1.14 to 1.53 for PLT and 1.27 to 1.59 for LWD. This study illustrates the efficacy of geogrid and geocell reinforcements in enhancing the structural performance of pavement materials and evaluation of MIF in field, providing practical implications for sustainable road infrastructure design.</p>

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Assessment of Deformation Modulus in Reinforced and Unreinforced Pavement Layers using Semi- and Non-Destructive Testing Methods—Laboratory and Field Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月25日

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  • Prabodh Kumar Mahopatra,
  • Vamsi Kommanamanchi,
  • Sidhu Ramulu Duddu,
  • Hariprasad Chennarapu

摘要

Rapid urbanization in India has increased the demand for resilient and cost-effective pavement systems, particularly for enhancing subgrade and granular layers. Mechanical reinforcements, such as geogrids and geocells, improve subgrade modulus and offer easy installation. Accurately measuring modulus in the field is crucial for assessing effectiveness of reinforcement. This study evaluates the deformation modulus of subgrade as a single layer with subgrade soil and wet mix macadam (WMM) over it as a dual layer in unreinforced and reinforced test configurations. Triaxial geogrid (TX) and geocell (GC) reinforcements were tested in laboratory and field conditions using static plate load tests (PLT), field plate load tests, and lightweight deflectometer (LWD) tests. LWD results were compared with conventional PLT findings and the modulus improvement factor (MIF) was determined for each test configuration. TX and GC reinforcements enhanced modulus values in both laboratory and field conditions, with PLT-based MIFs ranging from 1.42 to 1.47 and LWD-based MIFs from 1.52 to 1.6 for single layer. In dual-layer laboratory tests, WMM with TX reinforcement yielded MIFs of 1.14 to 1.53 for PLT and 1.27 to 1.59 for LWD. This study illustrates the efficacy of geogrid and geocell reinforcements in enhancing the structural performance of pavement materials and evaluation of MIF in field, providing practical implications for sustainable road infrastructure design.