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<p>This research examines the combined effects of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid reinforcements on the mechanical, dynamic, and tribological performance of polyamide 6(PA6) and polypropylene(PP) nanocomposites. Hybrid nanofillers with graphene MWCNT with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 were incorporated at 0.5–1.5 wt% using melt compounding. It is then followed by injection molding. Validation of dispersion stability is done using Zeta Potential (ZP) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) which gives assurance of homogeneous nanofiller dispersion and low agglomeration tendency. Mechanical, impact, wear and dynamic mechanical analyses show that hybrid systems enhanced stiffness, tensile strength and wear resistance when compared to single filler composites. The graphene and MWCNT hybrid (2:1) gives the improvements with 20% and 30% approx. gains in tensile strength and modulus respectively, relative to neat PA6. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) gives maximum storage modulus and an upward shift in glass transition temperature (Tg) which indicates improved interfacial bonding and restricted chain mobility. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed higher crystallinity (~ 39.4%), whereas SEM/TEM micrographs verified filler distribution uniformity and adhesive ability of polymer filler. Overall, the hybrid graphene MWCNT nanofillers provides transfer of effective stress and synergistic reinforcement, rendering the PA6 and PP nanocomposites highly promising for lightweight, high-performance structural and automotive applications.</p>

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Synergistic Reinforcement and Performance Optimization of Graphene/MWCNT Hybrid-Modified PA6-PP Nanocomposites: Mechanical, Dynamic, and Tribological Insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Suyog B. Rayjadhav,
  • Pravin R. Kubade,
  • Sachin A. Sonawane

摘要

This research examines the combined effects of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid reinforcements on the mechanical, dynamic, and tribological performance of polyamide 6(PA6) and polypropylene(PP) nanocomposites. Hybrid nanofillers with graphene MWCNT with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 were incorporated at 0.5–1.5 wt% using melt compounding. It is then followed by injection molding. Validation of dispersion stability is done using Zeta Potential (ZP) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) which gives assurance of homogeneous nanofiller dispersion and low agglomeration tendency. Mechanical, impact, wear and dynamic mechanical analyses show that hybrid systems enhanced stiffness, tensile strength and wear resistance when compared to single filler composites. The graphene and MWCNT hybrid (2:1) gives the improvements with 20% and 30% approx. gains in tensile strength and modulus respectively, relative to neat PA6. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) gives maximum storage modulus and an upward shift in glass transition temperature (Tg) which indicates improved interfacial bonding and restricted chain mobility. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed higher crystallinity (~ 39.4%), whereas SEM/TEM micrographs verified filler distribution uniformity and adhesive ability of polymer filler. Overall, the hybrid graphene MWCNT nanofillers provides transfer of effective stress and synergistic reinforcement, rendering the PA6 and PP nanocomposites highly promising for lightweight, high-performance structural and automotive applications.