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<p>Zinc oxide (ZnO) microrods were prepared through a simple and cost-effective sol–gel technique. The optical, compositional, morphological, and structural characteristics were all thoroughly examined. XRD confirmed the formation of highly crystalline, phase-pure wurtzite ZnO. Hexagonal micro-rod like morphology with high aspect ratios was revealed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy study, while water contact angle measurements demonstrated a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle of 142.3°. Elemental and chemical state assessments using EDX Spectroscopy and XPS showed the presence of Zn and O in suitable stoichiometry and oxidation states, with no detectable impurities. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy verified the existence of Zn–O bonding. Excitation-dependent PL studies under 300&#xa0;nm and 325&#xa0;nm excitation revealed distinct defect-related emissions in the blue to red region, with a noticeable redshift and intensity enhancement at longer excitation wavelengths. These results highlight the influence of excitation energy on ZnO’s defect-mediated emission. The CIE chromaticity diagram confirmed that the emission exists in the bluish-cyan region, with slight shifts reflecting subtle color variations with excitation wavelength. Overall, this work offers valuable insight into the excitation-wavelength-dependent photoluminescence behavior and highlights their potential in optoelectronic and sensing applications where tunable defect-mediated emission is essential.</p>

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Photoluminescence Study of Sol–Gel Grown Zinc Oxide Rods under Varying Excitation Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月18日

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  • P. Kumar,
  • D. Banerjee,
  • A. K. Sharma

摘要

Zinc oxide (ZnO) microrods were prepared through a simple and cost-effective sol–gel technique. The optical, compositional, morphological, and structural characteristics were all thoroughly examined. XRD confirmed the formation of highly crystalline, phase-pure wurtzite ZnO. Hexagonal micro-rod like morphology with high aspect ratios was revealed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy study, while water contact angle measurements demonstrated a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle of 142.3°. Elemental and chemical state assessments using EDX Spectroscopy and XPS showed the presence of Zn and O in suitable stoichiometry and oxidation states, with no detectable impurities. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy verified the existence of Zn–O bonding. Excitation-dependent PL studies under 300 nm and 325 nm excitation revealed distinct defect-related emissions in the blue to red region, with a noticeable redshift and intensity enhancement at longer excitation wavelengths. These results highlight the influence of excitation energy on ZnO’s defect-mediated emission. The CIE chromaticity diagram confirmed that the emission exists in the bluish-cyan region, with slight shifts reflecting subtle color variations with excitation wavelength. Overall, this work offers valuable insight into the excitation-wavelength-dependent photoluminescence behavior and highlights their potential in optoelectronic and sensing applications where tunable defect-mediated emission is essential.