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<p>Stainless steel grade 304 imparts an outstanding corrosion resistance along with other mechanical properties like strength, toughness and hardness. Hence, the SS is widely utilized in chemical industries, power plants, utensils, food processing units. The present work gives an idea of microstructural changes occur in the SS after immersion into hydrochloric acid. The HCl solution was prepared to 5% concentration and rest of the solution was water. The total period of immersion was 48&#xa0;h. The effect of acid immersion on the microstructure of SS plates, the optical microscopy, “field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM)”, “energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)”, and “X-ray diffraction (XRD)” analysis was carried out in this work. The microstructure of SS contains bright γ matrix, γ boundaries, fine metal carbides, and carbonitrides. Upon chemical immersion, pitting and cavities were observed at the γ boundaries. The EDS results are similar for all the samples. The XRD results did not show any oxide peaks but the ferrite peak which was available on the ‘untreated’ sample has disappeared on the immersed samples. It means, the chemical has attached ferrite content preferentially which has enriched the corrosion resistant γ matrix.</p>

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Microstructural Analysis into Stainless Steel Samples Undergone into HCl Solution Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月15日

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  • Ayush Agarwal,
  • Saurabh Dewangan,
  • Avaneesh Rajesh Kulkarni,
  • Stanisław Legutko

摘要

Stainless steel grade 304 imparts an outstanding corrosion resistance along with other mechanical properties like strength, toughness and hardness. Hence, the SS is widely utilized in chemical industries, power plants, utensils, food processing units. The present work gives an idea of microstructural changes occur in the SS after immersion into hydrochloric acid. The HCl solution was prepared to 5% concentration and rest of the solution was water. The total period of immersion was 48 h. The effect of acid immersion on the microstructure of SS plates, the optical microscopy, “field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM)”, “energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)”, and “X-ray diffraction (XRD)” analysis was carried out in this work. The microstructure of SS contains bright γ matrix, γ boundaries, fine metal carbides, and carbonitrides. Upon chemical immersion, pitting and cavities were observed at the γ boundaries. The EDS results are similar for all the samples. The XRD results did not show any oxide peaks but the ferrite peak which was available on the ‘untreated’ sample has disappeared on the immersed samples. It means, the chemical has attached ferrite content preferentially which has enriched the corrosion resistant γ matrix.