Advancing Maritime Power Systems with Flywheel Energy Storage: A Technical and Economic Review
摘要
Recent advancements in maritime power networks highlight the critical role of versatile, high-performance energy storage to enable flexible operations, especially amid the rise of electric and hybrid ship propulsion. Unlike land-based grids, onboard systems face unique challenges from intense pulsed demands, fluctuating generator outputs, and reliance on mixed power sources. Research indicates that adding storage helps cut fuel use in generators during sudden load shifts, boosting efficiency across the board. Flywheel Energy Storage Systems (FESS) stand out as a revived mechanical choice, offering rapid power bursts with energy densities reaching 120 kJ/kg and response time below 10 ms. Key strengths include no emissions in use, exceptional durability (over 100,000 cycles), and substantial harmonic reduction (up to 40% on the source side), making them ideal for eco-friendly maritime use. This study assesses FESS viability in vessel power setups via comparisons of architectures, key performance indicators, and long-term expenses. Results show FESS boosts system dependability and speed while aiding adherence to IMO decarbonization standards. It wraps up with guidance on design approaches, economic assessments, and paths for further work to refine FESS use in sea-based propulsion.