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<p>The shipping industry has seen rapid growth, while this progress has also intensified environmental challenges linked to traditional petroleum-based fuels. Meanwhile, the technology for alternative fuels has not yet reached maturity. In this context, a hybrid power system that integrates natural gas engines (NGE) as the primary source of power, supplemented by power batteries, emerges as a viable solution. This hybrid system capitalizes on the advantages of both energy sources, improving overall system performance. To optimize its operation, this study develops an energy management approach based on the concept of equivalent fuel consumption. Using the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS), the performance index function is fine-tuned, and a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to further optimize the equivalence factor. As a result, a PSO-enhanced ECMS torque allocation strategy is introduced. Experimental results show that the ECMS-based approach achieves a 4.54% reduction in fuel consumption compared to rule-based strategies. Additionally, the PSO-ECMS strategy improves the balance between the operational efficiencies, particularly under low-to-medium load conditions, where fuel consumption is reduced by 6.37%.</p>

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Energy Distribution Strategies for Parallel Hybrid Power Systems in Marine Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Xiaojun Sun,
  • Benrong Zhang,
  • Kun Gao,
  • Chong Yao,
  • Xuewen Chen

摘要

The shipping industry has seen rapid growth, while this progress has also intensified environmental challenges linked to traditional petroleum-based fuels. Meanwhile, the technology for alternative fuels has not yet reached maturity. In this context, a hybrid power system that integrates natural gas engines (NGE) as the primary source of power, supplemented by power batteries, emerges as a viable solution. This hybrid system capitalizes on the advantages of both energy sources, improving overall system performance. To optimize its operation, this study develops an energy management approach based on the concept of equivalent fuel consumption. Using the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS), the performance index function is fine-tuned, and a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to further optimize the equivalence factor. As a result, a PSO-enhanced ECMS torque allocation strategy is introduced. Experimental results show that the ECMS-based approach achieves a 4.54% reduction in fuel consumption compared to rule-based strategies. Additionally, the PSO-ECMS strategy improves the balance between the operational efficiencies, particularly under low-to-medium load conditions, where fuel consumption is reduced by 6.37%.