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<p>In today’s world, the heavy reliance on crude oil as a primary energy source for transportation has profound implications for the environment. The combustion of fossil fuels, particularly in vehicles powered by diesel engines, contributes significantly to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating global climate change and posing serious health risks to populations worldwide. As concerns over environmental sustainability continue to mount, there is a pressing need to explore alternative fuel options and vehicle technologies that offer reduced emissions and lower environmental impact. In this research, a comparative analysis is conducted on three distinct vehicle types—hybrid, diesel, and biodiesel—assessing their carbon footprint based on emissions of CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and UBHC across various operating conditions such as load, efficiency losses, and torque. Employing the EDAS and entropy methods, the study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation. In the weightage analysis, UBHC attained the highest weight of 62%, followed by CO2 with 27%, and CO with 11%. Results from the experiments reveal that among the three vehicle types, hybrid vehicles exhibit the most favorable emissions profile, characterized by lower levels of CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and UBHC. Consequently, hybrid vehicles are identified as having the lowest carbon footprint, followed by diesel vehicles, with biodiesel vehicles exhibiting the highest emissions.</p>

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Assessment of Carbon Footprint: A Comparative Analysis of Diesel, Biodiesel, and Hybrid Vehicles Through EDAS and Entropy-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Mohd Mobasshir,
  • Azhar Equbal,
  • Osama Khan,
  • Praveen Pachauri,
  • Mohd Parvez,
  • Taufique Ahamad

摘要

In today’s world, the heavy reliance on crude oil as a primary energy source for transportation has profound implications for the environment. The combustion of fossil fuels, particularly in vehicles powered by diesel engines, contributes significantly to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating global climate change and posing serious health risks to populations worldwide. As concerns over environmental sustainability continue to mount, there is a pressing need to explore alternative fuel options and vehicle technologies that offer reduced emissions and lower environmental impact. In this research, a comparative analysis is conducted on three distinct vehicle types—hybrid, diesel, and biodiesel—assessing their carbon footprint based on emissions of CO2, CO, and UBHC across various operating conditions such as load, efficiency losses, and torque. Employing the EDAS and entropy methods, the study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation. In the weightage analysis, UBHC attained the highest weight of 62%, followed by CO2 with 27%, and CO with 11%. Results from the experiments reveal that among the three vehicle types, hybrid vehicles exhibit the most favorable emissions profile, characterized by lower levels of CO2, CO, and UBHC. Consequently, hybrid vehicles are identified as having the lowest carbon footprint, followed by diesel vehicles, with biodiesel vehicles exhibiting the highest emissions.