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<p>5G NR utilizes both standalone architecture (SA) and non-standalone (NSA) architecture to provide seamless connectivity to the end users. The difference between SA and NSA lies in the core network in which NSA utilizes the 4G core network services whereas the SA utilizes 5G core network services. These two architectures utilize different frequency bands in multi radio access network (RAN) scenarios such as n78 and carrier aggregation with n28 band under frequency range 1 (FR1), and n258 band under frequency range 2 (FR2). To fulfill the requirements of the end users, the selection of an appropriate frequency band while deploying 5G RAN services is essential. In this paper, the performance analysis of three frequency bands viz. n78, n28, and n258 is carried out by considering three gNBs. The performance analysis is carried out in terms of throughput, packet drop ratio, and total application delay. The simulation consists of different traffic types (i.e., constant bit rate (CBR), voice, and video services) with different QoS classes on the 5G NR QoS framework. In addition, each service consists of separate QoS flows and priority for scheduling of the resources. Experimental evaluations indicate that the carrier aggregation technique effectively reduces the hardware cost and provides almost equal throughput among all other gNBs. Here resource scheduling is found to be an important key paradigm that can perform mapping as per QoS requirements specified in 3GPP specifications.</p>

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Downlink Throughput Analysis of 5G Standalone Architecture using n258, n78 and n28 Bands using Different QoS Flows

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月5日

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  • Rajesh Kumar,
  • Deepak Sinwar,
  • Vijander Singh

摘要

5G NR utilizes both standalone architecture (SA) and non-standalone (NSA) architecture to provide seamless connectivity to the end users. The difference between SA and NSA lies in the core network in which NSA utilizes the 4G core network services whereas the SA utilizes 5G core network services. These two architectures utilize different frequency bands in multi radio access network (RAN) scenarios such as n78 and carrier aggregation with n28 band under frequency range 1 (FR1), and n258 band under frequency range 2 (FR2). To fulfill the requirements of the end users, the selection of an appropriate frequency band while deploying 5G RAN services is essential. In this paper, the performance analysis of three frequency bands viz. n78, n28, and n258 is carried out by considering three gNBs. The performance analysis is carried out in terms of throughput, packet drop ratio, and total application delay. The simulation consists of different traffic types (i.e., constant bit rate (CBR), voice, and video services) with different QoS classes on the 5G NR QoS framework. In addition, each service consists of separate QoS flows and priority for scheduling of the resources. Experimental evaluations indicate that the carrier aggregation technique effectively reduces the hardware cost and provides almost equal throughput among all other gNBs. Here resource scheduling is found to be an important key paradigm that can perform mapping as per QoS requirements specified in 3GPP specifications.