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<p>Wheat, a crucial food crop for millions globally, is mainly produced in India, which ranks second in wheat production after China. This crop comprises 21–20% of protein and provides essential calories for diets in 94 developing countries. Indian wheat is especially favored for its high gluten content and golden-brown grains. However, one significant disease affecting wheat is Karnal bunt (KB), which is native to India. This disease compromises both the quality and chemical composition of wheat grains and poses quarantine challenges that impact international trade and the movement of germplasm. Infection typically occurs in a small number of seeds per head, leading to the conversion of infected grains into bunt sori. Contamination levels exceeding 0.5% hinder wheat exports and imports, while levels above 1% reduce quality and palatability, producing a fishy smell and black discoloration. If more than 3% of the seeds are infected, the wheat becomes unsuitable for human consumption, resulting in economic losses for producing countries. A post-harvest survey conducted across 45 blocks in Meerut Division during the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023 seasons found positive samples in 30 blocks and negative samples in 15 blocks.</p>

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Survey and Molecular Characterization of Tilletia indica to Enhance International Trade of Wheat from Meerut Division, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Satyendra Kumar Vishwakarma,
  • Ramesh Singh,
  • Shashank Shekhar,
  • Pankaj Singh,
  • Shivanshu Mishra,
  • Ankit Kumar Chaurasia,
  • Prashant Mishra,
  • Hem Singh,
  • Manoj Kumar Yadav,
  • Amit Kumar Yadav,
  • Anupam Dikshit

摘要

Wheat, a crucial food crop for millions globally, is mainly produced in India, which ranks second in wheat production after China. This crop comprises 21–20% of protein and provides essential calories for diets in 94 developing countries. Indian wheat is especially favored for its high gluten content and golden-brown grains. However, one significant disease affecting wheat is Karnal bunt (KB), which is native to India. This disease compromises both the quality and chemical composition of wheat grains and poses quarantine challenges that impact international trade and the movement of germplasm. Infection typically occurs in a small number of seeds per head, leading to the conversion of infected grains into bunt sori. Contamination levels exceeding 0.5% hinder wheat exports and imports, while levels above 1% reduce quality and palatability, producing a fishy smell and black discoloration. If more than 3% of the seeds are infected, the wheat becomes unsuitable for human consumption, resulting in economic losses for producing countries. A post-harvest survey conducted across 45 blocks in Meerut Division during the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023 seasons found positive samples in 30 blocks and negative samples in 15 blocks.