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<p>This paper presents an energy-efficient cluster head (CH) selection method for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) using a bio-inspired Parrot Optimization (PO) algorithm. The approach selects CHs based on residual energy, distance to the base station, node degree, and centrality. By mimicking intelligent parrot behaviors such as foraging, staying, communication, and avoidance, the algorithm ensures balanced energy consumption and prolonged network lifetime. Simulation results show that the proposed method extends the network lifetime by up to 74%, increases the number of packets sent to the base station by 65%, and improves residual energy conservation by approximately 58% compared to traditional methods such as CSO, MFOBR, and ECERO. These improvements highlight the method’s effectiveness in enhancing energy efficiency and communication reliability in WSNs.</p>

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Dynamic Cluster Head Selection in Heterogeneous WSNs Using Nature-Inspired Parrot Optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月24日

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  • Yash Veer Singh,
  • Shadab Khan,
  • Prasant Singh Yadav,
  • Vinay Kumar Singh,
  • Prashant Tomer

摘要

This paper presents an energy-efficient cluster head (CH) selection method for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) using a bio-inspired Parrot Optimization (PO) algorithm. The approach selects CHs based on residual energy, distance to the base station, node degree, and centrality. By mimicking intelligent parrot behaviors such as foraging, staying, communication, and avoidance, the algorithm ensures balanced energy consumption and prolonged network lifetime. Simulation results show that the proposed method extends the network lifetime by up to 74%, increases the number of packets sent to the base station by 65%, and improves residual energy conservation by approximately 58% compared to traditional methods such as CSO, MFOBR, and ECERO. These improvements highlight the method’s effectiveness in enhancing energy efficiency and communication reliability in WSNs.