<p>As the need for fuel rises, we are forced to consider more options. The primary scientific endeavor that determines future energy sources is the production of biodiesel from different types of oil seeds. Because turbochargers may significantly increase an engine’s power and torque production without increasing the swept volume of each cylinder, they are often employed in “engine downsizing” applications. An internal combustion engine dissipates more than 70% of its fuel energy through surface radiation, exhaust emissions, and engine coolant. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of blended Jatropha biodiesel fuel on the performance of a single-cylinder diesel engine, both with and without a turbocharger. The results show a little gain in braking power and a noticeable rise in rpm. These results highlight the potential advantages of using Jatropha blends to improve engine performance and economy, especially when combined with turbocharging.</p>