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<p>In past, some studies have highlighted the fabrication of micro/ nanoporous scaffolds of polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) for cell growth in tissue engineering (TE) and its digital twinning (DT). But hitherto, little has been reported on pore structure tuning of 3D-printed PCL-PLA nanofibers (NFs)-based scaffolds. This study highlights the 03-stage fabrication of nanoporous scaffolds by electrospinning of PLA to get NFs (stage-1), followed by fused filament fabrication (FFF) of PCL-PLA composite (stage-2), and chemical treatment with acetone (stage-3) for turning the pore structure. For comparative analysis, surface investigations of PCL and PCL-3%PLA-NFs scaffolds were performed. The study suggests that the chemical treatment of the PCL and PCL-3%PLA NFs scaffolds increased the pore size as the porosity % changed from 5.63 to 27.89% and 14.26–69.84%, respectively. In the case of PCL-3%PLA-NFs composite scaffolds, the chemical treatment dissolved the PLA-NFs, and the resulting porous structure was more uniform. Along with an increase in porosity %, the chemical treatment of the scaffolds increased the surface roughness (Ra) (19.37&#xa0;nm to 77.26&#xa0;nm for PCL and 51.22&#xa0;nm to 85.17&#xa0;nm for PCL-3%PLA NFs) suitable for TE applications.</p>

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On 3D Printed PCL-PLA Nanofibers-Based Porous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Ranvijay Kumar,
  • Rupinder Singh,
  • Nishant Ranjan,
  • Vinay Kumar

摘要

In past, some studies have highlighted the fabrication of micro/ nanoporous scaffolds of polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) for cell growth in tissue engineering (TE) and its digital twinning (DT). But hitherto, little has been reported on pore structure tuning of 3D-printed PCL-PLA nanofibers (NFs)-based scaffolds. This study highlights the 03-stage fabrication of nanoporous scaffolds by electrospinning of PLA to get NFs (stage-1), followed by fused filament fabrication (FFF) of PCL-PLA composite (stage-2), and chemical treatment with acetone (stage-3) for turning the pore structure. For comparative analysis, surface investigations of PCL and PCL-3%PLA-NFs scaffolds were performed. The study suggests that the chemical treatment of the PCL and PCL-3%PLA NFs scaffolds increased the pore size as the porosity % changed from 5.63 to 27.89% and 14.26–69.84%, respectively. In the case of PCL-3%PLA-NFs composite scaffolds, the chemical treatment dissolved the PLA-NFs, and the resulting porous structure was more uniform. Along with an increase in porosity %, the chemical treatment of the scaffolds increased the surface roughness (Ra) (19.37 nm to 77.26 nm for PCL and 51.22 nm to 85.17 nm for PCL-3%PLA NFs) suitable for TE applications.