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<p>Addressing the effects of climate change and water scarcity is crucial for maintaining global wheat production. This study evaluated 60 spring wheat genotypes from the CIMMYT Core Germplasm (CIMCOG) under both terminal water stress and optimal irrigation at two semi-arid field locations. Researchers analyzed 31 agronomic, morphological, and seed quality traits. Significant genetic diversity was observed, with path analysis identifying biomass (β = 0.642) and harvest index (β = 0.287) as the main direct factors influencing grain yield. Using multivariate methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis, the genotypes were effectively grouped into distinct phenotypic categories. Importantly, six drought-tolerant genotypes—CIMCOG_03, CIMCOG_19, CIMCOG_29, CIMCOG_47, CIMCOG_10, and CIMCOG_13—were singled out for their stable performance under water stress. These results define a refined “core collection” of genotypes and emphasize key traits affecting yield, offering a valuable resource for focused breeding efforts, genome-wide association studies, and marker-assisted selection aimed at enhancing wheat resilience and productivity in water-limited environments.</p>

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Resilience in Spring Wheat Genotypes: Physiological and Agronomic Changes Under Terminal Water Stress Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Mohammad Hasan Sadeghi,
  • Rasool Asghari Zakaria,
  • Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi,
  • Omid Sofalian

摘要

Addressing the effects of climate change and water scarcity is crucial for maintaining global wheat production. This study evaluated 60 spring wheat genotypes from the CIMMYT Core Germplasm (CIMCOG) under both terminal water stress and optimal irrigation at two semi-arid field locations. Researchers analyzed 31 agronomic, morphological, and seed quality traits. Significant genetic diversity was observed, with path analysis identifying biomass (β = 0.642) and harvest index (β = 0.287) as the main direct factors influencing grain yield. Using multivariate methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis, the genotypes were effectively grouped into distinct phenotypic categories. Importantly, six drought-tolerant genotypes—CIMCOG_03, CIMCOG_19, CIMCOG_29, CIMCOG_47, CIMCOG_10, and CIMCOG_13—were singled out for their stable performance under water stress. These results define a refined “core collection” of genotypes and emphasize key traits affecting yield, offering a valuable resource for focused breeding efforts, genome-wide association studies, and marker-assisted selection aimed at enhancing wheat resilience and productivity in water-limited environments.