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<p>This study examined the long-term impact of irrigation on selected soil physico-chemical properties in the Asaita District, Northeastern Ethiopia, by comparing an irrigated land with adjacent non-irrigated land. Twelve composite soil samples were collected from two depths (0–30&#xa0;cm and 30–60&#xa0;cm) from both irrigated and adjacent non-irrigated land, whereby various physical and chemical soil properties were determined. Results showed that the irrigated soils contained more clay and bulk density (BD) but less porosity and infiltration rates than the non-irrigated soils. In addition, the irrigated soils were in different states of structural degradation, which was thought to be caused by irrigation management practices, machine compaction, and poor- quality water used for irrigation. The chemical results indicated that the irrigated soils had significantly higher pH, electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and that identified even higher levels of Na⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions in them when compared to the non-irrigated soils. The presence of soluble salts suggests that irrigation practices in the study area resulted in salinization and sodification of the irrigated soils, where the irrigated soils are classified as saline-sodic and the non-irrigated soils are classed as moderately saline. Results also indicated that irrigation did contribute to an increase of organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) level, but the negative impacts of irrigation on soil degradation (alkalisation and salt accumulation rates) outweighed the positive effects of irrigation on OC and TN. Our findings highlight the evidence of the double-edged nature of irrigation practices, where irrigation improves agricultural production in typically arid regions, but mismanaged irrigation can result in soil degradation. Sustainable irrigation practices and ongoing monitoring of soils would go far to protect soil health and agricultural productivity in similar semi-arid environments.</p>

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Investigating the Impacts of Irrigation Practices on Selected Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Asaita District, Northeastern Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Habtamu Admas,
  • Tesfahun Kassahun,
  • Sileshi Abbi,
  • Genetu Fekadu

摘要

This study examined the long-term impact of irrigation on selected soil physico-chemical properties in the Asaita District, Northeastern Ethiopia, by comparing an irrigated land with adjacent non-irrigated land. Twelve composite soil samples were collected from two depths (0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) from both irrigated and adjacent non-irrigated land, whereby various physical and chemical soil properties were determined. Results showed that the irrigated soils contained more clay and bulk density (BD) but less porosity and infiltration rates than the non-irrigated soils. In addition, the irrigated soils were in different states of structural degradation, which was thought to be caused by irrigation management practices, machine compaction, and poor- quality water used for irrigation. The chemical results indicated that the irrigated soils had significantly higher pH, electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and that identified even higher levels of Na⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions in them when compared to the non-irrigated soils. The presence of soluble salts suggests that irrigation practices in the study area resulted in salinization and sodification of the irrigated soils, where the irrigated soils are classified as saline-sodic and the non-irrigated soils are classed as moderately saline. Results also indicated that irrigation did contribute to an increase of organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) level, but the negative impacts of irrigation on soil degradation (alkalisation and salt accumulation rates) outweighed the positive effects of irrigation on OC and TN. Our findings highlight the evidence of the double-edged nature of irrigation practices, where irrigation improves agricultural production in typically arid regions, but mismanaged irrigation can result in soil degradation. Sustainable irrigation practices and ongoing monitoring of soils would go far to protect soil health and agricultural productivity in similar semi-arid environments.