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<p>The optimization of culture medium composition and plant growth regulators (PGRs) is essential for efficient micropropagation of recalcitrant crops such as coconut. Meta-topolin (mT), a potent aromatic cytokinin, has demonstrated superior efficacy compared to other cytokinins in promoting in vitro regeneration across various plant species. In this study, we observed that when combined with picloram, mT significantly enhances callus induction, embryogenic calli formation, and somatic embryogenesis in coconut embryonic shoot meristem explants. Explants cultured on&#xa0;Y3 medium supplemented with mT (5&#xa0;µM) and picloram (200&#xa0;µM) achieved 48% somatic embryo production, with uniform rooting and shoot induction. Rooted plantlets could be successfully acclimatized, hardened, and planted in the field. The successful integration of mT and picloram displays a breakthrough in coconut somatic embryogenesis. It enables reliable plantlet regeneration and offers promise for the mass production of disease-free and true-to-type coconut plants, addressing key challenges in the tissue culture of this recalcitrant crop.</p>

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Meta-topolin Stimulates In Vitro Plantlet Generation from Embryonic Shoot Meristem Explants in Coconut (Cocos nucifera)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • M. S. Namitha,
  • M. Neema,
  • M. K. Rajesh,
  • M. P. Fathimath Zaeema,
  • Krishna Prakash,
  • K. S. Muralikrishna,
  • Anitha Karun

摘要

The optimization of culture medium composition and plant growth regulators (PGRs) is essential for efficient micropropagation of recalcitrant crops such as coconut. Meta-topolin (mT), a potent aromatic cytokinin, has demonstrated superior efficacy compared to other cytokinins in promoting in vitro regeneration across various plant species. In this study, we observed that when combined with picloram, mT significantly enhances callus induction, embryogenic calli formation, and somatic embryogenesis in coconut embryonic shoot meristem explants. Explants cultured on Y3 medium supplemented with mT (5 µM) and picloram (200 µM) achieved 48% somatic embryo production, with uniform rooting and shoot induction. Rooted plantlets could be successfully acclimatized, hardened, and planted in the field. The successful integration of mT and picloram displays a breakthrough in coconut somatic embryogenesis. It enables reliable plantlet regeneration and offers promise for the mass production of disease-free and true-to-type coconut plants, addressing key challenges in the tissue culture of this recalcitrant crop.