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<p>Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) is the leading cereal crop in Iran, often grown under abiotic stress conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of barley landraces for high yield, desirable traits, stability, drought tolerance, and salinity tolerance. Fifty barley landraces were screened across 14 environments, including normal, drought stress, and salinity stress conditions. Quantitative traits and stress tolerance indices were measured. Joint ANOVA revealed that 68.25%, 18.26%, and 6.01% of the total variation were explained by the environment, genotype × environment interactions, and genotypic effects, respectively. The weighted average of the absolute scores (WAASB) was used for stability analysis, and detected G46 as the most stable genotype. To balance stability and mean yield, a superiority index (WAASBY) was used and defined G34 as a broadly adapted and high-yielding genotype. A multi-trait genotype–ideotype distance index (MGIDI) was employed for simultaneous selection, targeting high scores for grain yield, plant height, and kernel weight, and low scores for days to flowering and days to maturity. This approach identified G50(TN5008), G51(Nosrat), G38(TN4357), G27(TN3643), G54(Goharan), G33(TN4247), G30(TN3947), and G52(Yousef) as the genotypes with desirable traits. The MGIDI was also utilized to identify abiotic stress-tolerant genotypes, targeting high scores for mean productivity, geometric mean productivity, harmonic mean productivity, stress tolerance index, and yield stability index, and low scores for tolerance index and stress susceptibility index. Based on MGIDI, G28(TN3646), G53(Nimrouz), G32(TN4104), G52(Yousef), G51(Nosrat), G25(TN3477), G21(TN3454), and G11(TN18514) were found to be drought-tolerant genotypes. Similarly, G39(TN4461), G41(TN4847), G17(TN6135), G56(Khatam), G23(TN3470), G15(TN20019), and G54(Goharan) were identified as salinity-tolerant genotypes. Venn diagram with a selection intensity of 30% identified G25(TN3477), G54(Goharan), G38(TN4357), and G52(Yousef) as genotypes with multiple desirable features, such as high yield, drought tolerance, and salinity tolerance simultaneously. This study demonstrated the high potential of Iranian barley genetic resources in adapting to different environmental stress conditions and effectiveness of the indicators used in identifying these valuable resources for exploitation in various adverse environments.</p>

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Utilizing WAASB and MGIDI Methodologies to Explore Valuable Barley Genetic Resources Adapted to Adverse Environmental Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • Behnam Bakhshi,
  • Shakiba Shahmoradi,
  • Seyed Ali Tabatabaie,
  • Azita Nakhei,
  • Ali Barati

摘要

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the leading cereal crop in Iran, often grown under abiotic stress conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of barley landraces for high yield, desirable traits, stability, drought tolerance, and salinity tolerance. Fifty barley landraces were screened across 14 environments, including normal, drought stress, and salinity stress conditions. Quantitative traits and stress tolerance indices were measured. Joint ANOVA revealed that 68.25%, 18.26%, and 6.01% of the total variation were explained by the environment, genotype × environment interactions, and genotypic effects, respectively. The weighted average of the absolute scores (WAASB) was used for stability analysis, and detected G46 as the most stable genotype. To balance stability and mean yield, a superiority index (WAASBY) was used and defined G34 as a broadly adapted and high-yielding genotype. A multi-trait genotype–ideotype distance index (MGIDI) was employed for simultaneous selection, targeting high scores for grain yield, plant height, and kernel weight, and low scores for days to flowering and days to maturity. This approach identified G50(TN5008), G51(Nosrat), G38(TN4357), G27(TN3643), G54(Goharan), G33(TN4247), G30(TN3947), and G52(Yousef) as the genotypes with desirable traits. The MGIDI was also utilized to identify abiotic stress-tolerant genotypes, targeting high scores for mean productivity, geometric mean productivity, harmonic mean productivity, stress tolerance index, and yield stability index, and low scores for tolerance index and stress susceptibility index. Based on MGIDI, G28(TN3646), G53(Nimrouz), G32(TN4104), G52(Yousef), G51(Nosrat), G25(TN3477), G21(TN3454), and G11(TN18514) were found to be drought-tolerant genotypes. Similarly, G39(TN4461), G41(TN4847), G17(TN6135), G56(Khatam), G23(TN3470), G15(TN20019), and G54(Goharan) were identified as salinity-tolerant genotypes. Venn diagram with a selection intensity of 30% identified G25(TN3477), G54(Goharan), G38(TN4357), and G52(Yousef) as genotypes with multiple desirable features, such as high yield, drought tolerance, and salinity tolerance simultaneously. This study demonstrated the high potential of Iranian barley genetic resources in adapting to different environmental stress conditions and effectiveness of the indicators used in identifying these valuable resources for exploitation in various adverse environments.