Morphological Characterization of Aromatic Rice of Assam
摘要
The present investigation was carried out with 67 aromatic rice cultivars of Assam. The morphometric evaluation of the varieties was conducted using a randomized complete block design with two replications during the Kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020. DUS characterization of the cultivars revealed polymorphism in nineteen characters. The cultivars showed highly significant differences for all the quantitative characters.The characters like days to 50% flowering, grain length, number of effective tillers, plant height, grain breadth and grain length/breadth ratio exhibited high heritability values, indicating the most likely role of additive gene action. Mahalanobis D2 analysis revealed eleven multi-genotypic and six mono-genotypic clusters of the cultivars.The contribution towards the total variation was the maximum for grain length (42.15%).The inter-cluster D2 value was the maximum between clusters VI and XVI (132.70) and hybridization would likely produce a broad spectrum of variability and transgressive segregants. The Principal Component Analysis revealed that grain length, grain length breadth ratio, number of grains per panicle, spikelet fertility and grain yield contributed maximum to the PC 1 and the cultivars Aki Sail followed by Chini Sail, Kamini Sail, Bar Mula Sail and Tulsi Joha had high principal component score for PC 1. Based on the relationship of traits and cultivars to the PC 1, it can be concluded that these cultivars can be included in aromatic rice breeding programme for improvement of the above traits.