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<p>The Iron Gate Dams 1 and 2 on the Lower Danube incorporate Europe's largest run-of-the-river hydropower plants, forming the most significant barriers to river continuity in the Danube River Basin (DRB). Restoring connectivity here would open up 880 km of the Danube as far as the Gabčíkovo Dam, giving migratory and endangered fish species access to habitats and spawning grounds along the main river and its major tributaries. This would enhance habitat connectivity and species conservation in the DRB, focusing on ecologically important species. Such restoration would align with the EU Water Framework and Habitats Directives, Bern and Bonn Conventions including the Pan-European Sturgeon Action Plan and the DRB Management Plan. An EU feasibility study assessed options for restoring up- and downstream fish passage at both dams, concluding technical feasibility despite complex site conditions. The preferred solutions are six upstream fish passes and four downstream passage measures. Preliminary designs exist for three of the upstream passes. The study provided feasibility, challenges and cost estimates for all measures, with projected costs comparable to similar efforts elsewhere. This study will inform investment decisions and pave the way for the detailed design and implementation of fish passage facilities at the Iron Gate.</p>

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Staustufen am Eisernen Tor: Schlüssel zur aquatischen Biodiversität im Donaueinzugsgebiet

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Marq Redeker,
  • Julia Gatzweiler

摘要

The Iron Gate Dams 1 and 2 on the Lower Danube incorporate Europe's largest run-of-the-river hydropower plants, forming the most significant barriers to river continuity in the Danube River Basin (DRB). Restoring connectivity here would open up 880 km of the Danube as far as the Gabčíkovo Dam, giving migratory and endangered fish species access to habitats and spawning grounds along the main river and its major tributaries. This would enhance habitat connectivity and species conservation in the DRB, focusing on ecologically important species. Such restoration would align with the EU Water Framework and Habitats Directives, Bern and Bonn Conventions including the Pan-European Sturgeon Action Plan and the DRB Management Plan. An EU feasibility study assessed options for restoring up- and downstream fish passage at both dams, concluding technical feasibility despite complex site conditions. The preferred solutions are six upstream fish passes and four downstream passage measures. Preliminary designs exist for three of the upstream passes. The study provided feasibility, challenges and cost estimates for all measures, with projected costs comparable to similar efforts elsewhere. This study will inform investment decisions and pave the way for the detailed design and implementation of fish passage facilities at the Iron Gate.